Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Pastoralist’s Livestock and Attitudes, in South Kordofan State, Sudan
Journal Title: International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 8
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of climate change on pastoralist’s livestock and attitudes, in South Kordofan State, Western Sudan during 2012/2015 season. The study used primary data collected from a representative random sample of 264 respondents, selected randomly in Western route, Middle route and Eastern route. The study used descriptive statistics, and regression methods for analysis. The results of the study according to the comparative analysis has shown large reduction in all types of animals between herd size during the field survey and before 20 years where the average number of cattle before 20 years was 213 heads and now became 37 heads with percentage change of 83% between two periods, for sheep the average number of heads before 20 years was 263 heads and now became 85 heads with decrement between the two periods of 68 %, while the average number of goats before 20 year was 132 head and now became 45 head with difference reached 66 % The results of the study showed that average number of wife's was two and the average number of family size was 9 persons, while the average number of male, female was 5, 4 members respectively. The majority of the respondents were raising more than one type of animal (58.6%), the dominant type was cattle mixed by goat, sheep or both and 41.4% were raising cattle only. More than 40% of pastoralist in the study area mentioned the main constrains to their movement and business was the war, while others thought that movement affect the stability of the family 28.5%, other thought the constrain was animal looting 18.8%, while others 12.7% was animal losses due to diseases. The results revealed that the majority of the pastoralist (85.2%) replied they experienced Range change which demonstrates the degradation of Range due to climate change; therefore about 98.2% of them confirm the Range decreased. Also the results indicated that most of respondents (63.3%) confirmed changes in nature and structure of pastoralists community due to change in climate factors, these changes includes settlement cities, spread of looting, quite from business and change in social values including generousness and milk selling which was not for sale in the past .The results showed that 50.2% of communities belong to the same tribe to avoid the problems from other tribes, and maintain good relatives relations and other objectives including , marriage, corporation 13.2 and 8.7% respectively. The results of regression indicated that the most positive influential factors to change the size of animal holding by pastoralist was the initial size of the herd before the climate change and the family size with significant effects at 1% and 10% respectively. The other factors include type of grazing, types of grasses and supplementary feeding has negative insignificant impact with coefficients of - 18.120, – 6.6 and -2.996 respectively. While water availability has positive insignificant impact on herd size with coefficient of 3.055. These results insure the mobility of nomads from place to another depending on water and grass availability which was considered as one of the adaptive mechanisms against climate change.
Authors and Affiliations
Ogal Sabil Ali Maalla, Ali Musa Abakar, Sayed A. Zereiba, Fathi H. Balldo, Maruod E. Maruod, Mohammed S. Elteama
Keywords
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