Assessment of the Epidemiological Factors and Their Relationship with Non Syndromic Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Patients of 0-24 Months Old, Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangalore: A Cross Sectional Study
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 7
Abstract
Background: Cleft lip or palate is a congenital opening or fissure occurring in the lip or palate. Many environmental factors have been examined in epidemiologic studies of risk factors for oral clefts. For many of these factors, no conclusive trend in cleft incidence has been demonstrated across populations because there are several sources of bias and it is not easy to prove their roles in the cleft formation. Objectives: To assess the epidemiological factors associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate patients of 0-24 months old and to find the relationship of epidemiological factors with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 352 non syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate patients of 0-24 months old, attending Bhagwan Mahavir Jain Hospital Bangalore, a tertiary care hospital where smile train organization work. A total of 352 cleft lip and cleft palate patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria after sample size determination. The information was recorded by self – administered questionnaire. The structured Performa was used, consisted of three parts 1) epidemiologic profile, 2) questions about factors effecting oral clefts, oral health behavior, feeding habits 3) examination part of oral clefts. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done. Results: The study group consisted of 145 female subjects comprising 41% and 207 male subjects comprising 59% of the total population. Among 352 participants 146 subjects i.e. 42% were having cleft lip, 58 subjects i.e. 16% were having cleft palate, and 148 subjects i.e., 42% were having cleft lip and palate. Out of 352 oral clefts patients 306 i.e. 86.93% had presence of given epidemiologic factors. 46 i.e. 13.06% didn’t had any of these epidemiologic factors. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parental consanguinity, family history of oral clefts, maternal smoking and alcoholism, teratogenic drugs , less uptake of folic acid and socio-economic factors could play an important role for these conditions.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Mayur N. Mishra
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