Bacteria from Marine Sponges: A Source of Biologically Active Compounds
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 10, Issue 5
Abstract
The Red Sea marine sponges have been investigated for isolating novel bacterial strains. The main objective of the present study is to carry out a molecular level identification of the isolated sponge-associated bacteria and examination of their potential to produce biologically active compounds. Sponges were taxonomically identified as Amphimedon Ochracea and as an unidentified species of Amphimedon sp. Taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that dominant phylum was Proteobacteria. The results of HPLC analysis revealed that the bacterial exhibited variable patterns of phenolic compounds. Phenolic contents of the examined crude extracts were found to be 2.7491±0.046 and 2.302±0.002 mg gallic equivalent/ml for the HA-MS-52 and HA-MS-11, respectively. Flavonoids contents of the crude extracts of the tested bacterial isolate equivalents of (+catechin) were found to be 12.6±0.634 and 12.5±0.014 for the HA-MS-52 and HA-MS-11 crude extracts. In addition, carotenoid contents tested in the bacterial extracts were Xanthophyll, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene.Among these compounds, Xanthophyll significantly showed the highest concentration in both extracts HA-MS-52[JX494759] and HA-MS-11[JX494760] (6.209 & 0.891 μg/ml, respectively); whereas β-carotene exhibited the lowest concentration (0.453 & 0.113 μg/ml, respectively). GC/MS profiling for the ethyl acetate extracts of the studied sponge-associated bacteria revealed the presence of various phytochemical compounds having different biological activities. Results of FTIR spectroscopic studies have revealed the presence of various chemical constituents in the ethyl acetate extract of the HA-MS-52 [JX494759] and HA-MS-11[JX494760] bacterial isolates. Elemental analysis of the ethyl acetate extracts of the HA-MS-52 [JX494759] and HA-MS-11[JX494760] bacterial isolates showed that the bacterial extract indicated the presence of essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, macro elements such as sodium, potassium and calcium and micro elements such as zinc, The ethyl acetate extract of the HA-MS-52[JX494759] showed un-detectable levels of magnesium, zinc, and bromine.In the meantime, the ethyl acetate extract of the HA-MS-11[JX494760] showed un-detectable levels of Iron. The results of DPPH test indicated that IC50 values of ethyl acetate extracts had high IC50 values of 1.156 and 2.73 mg/ml for the HA-MS-52 [JX494759] and HA-MS-11[JX494760], respectively. This may be due to the presence of some potent antioxidant compounds which are powerful antioxidants and have good radical scavenging activities. This results were confirmed by the nitric oxide assay (IC50: 5.72±0.002 & 8.96±0.001, respectively). The bacterial extracts showed also potent antioxidant activities using ABTS+ assay with percentage inhibition of IC50 = 0.16 & 8.854 mg/ml, respectively. The high potency of the as strong antioxidant capacity may returns to its high phenolic contents as well as high flavonoids compounds. In the present study highly significant total antioxidant capacity values was also obtained by using phosphomolybdenum assay in the two bacterial extracts suggesting the presence of effective antioxidants in the bacterial extract. The cytotoxicity screening studies revealed the maximum cell growth inhibitory effects of the HA-MS-52[JX494759] bacterial crude extract against the tested cancer cell lines; HepG2; HCT and MCF-7 were found to be weak, 37.5, and 20.7 μg/ml, respectively.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohamed A Shreadah, Nihad M Abdel Monem, Galila A Yakout, Haiam M Aboul Ela
Keywords
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- EP ID EP592334
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.10.002025
- Views 160
- Downloads 0
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