Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal Title: National Journal of Laboratory Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are amongst the most common cause of bacterial infections in humans. It encompasses a wide array of infections, accounting for a vast number of community as well as hospital acquired infections in developing countries. Thus, it is of utmost importance to distinguish between complicated and uncomplicated UTI because in complicated UTI the infecting pathogens are more likely to be resistant to antimicrobial agents and lead to higher mortality. Aim: To study the bacteriological profiles of UTI in patients attending the tertiary care hospital and to study the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of uropathogens. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 “mid-stream” urine samples were obtained from suspected UTI patients in Microbiology Department, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune, India over a period of 6 months from September 2015 to February 2016. They were tested microbiologically and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed for the isolated pathogens using Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method. Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production in Gram negative organisms and Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus was carried out according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Significant bacteriuria accounted for 46% of the samples. UTI was more common in female (66%) compared to males (34%). The overall infection rate was highest in the age group of 26-44 years (38%). Escherichia coli (41.3%) was the most common uropathogen isolated followed by Klebsiella spp (18.5%) and Enterococcus spp (12%). Isolated pathogens were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (85.30%), Gentamicin (78.20%), Amikacin (72.40%) and showed resistance to Ampicillin, Norfloxacin and Co-trimoxazole. ESBL production was 32.7% in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Among Enterococci 100% sensitivity was seen to Vancomycin and Teicoplanin. Methicillin resistance was seen in 1 out of 5 S. aureus isolates. Conclusion: The commonly isolated uropathogens have a changing resistance pattern due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics resulting in reduced efficacy and safety of the treatment. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns must be continuously and periodically evaluated to select the appropriate regimen to treat UTI and to avoid complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Dnyaneshwari Purushottam Ghadage, Dr. Vrishali Avinash Muley, Dr. Jyotika Sharma, Dr. Arvind Vamanrao Bhore
Keywords
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- EP ID EP382039
- DOI 10.7860/NJLM/2016/22026:2164
- Views 105
- Downloads 0
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