BESSARABIAN REGION IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE MILITARY PLANS IN THE LATE 18TH – EARLY 19TH CENTURY
Journal Title: Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук: Міжвузівський збірник наукових праць молодих вчених Дрогобицького державного педагогічного університету - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 2
Abstract
Military forces had always been an important constituent in the political sphere of the Russian Empire. Constant contacts with civil population used to influence system of values, social intercourse, behavioral stereotypes of both the military and the civilians. The relations of the kind appeared along the routes of the army transition and in the places of its dislocation where the mil- itary had to fulfill administrative and fiscal duties. The large and multinational state used its army as a link between the capital and provinces. It served a tool to acquire new territories, an instrument of conquering and further servitude of the conquered peoples, a mechanism of Russification and intro- duction of imperial state authority. The army was a colonizer, an administrator, a judge, a cultural and moral medium. The paper investigates importance, role and evolution of Bessarabia region as a territorial unit of the Russian Empire, as well as the degree of successful implementation of the military command into the context of using the province as a resource base for the location of large military contingents. The influence of these historical factors on political, social, economic and demographic status of the region as one of the border regions of the Empire in the first half of the nineteenth century is analyzed from the chronological point of view. The geographical location of the territories between the right Bank of the Dniester River (especially in the middle and south- ern parts of its flow) and the left Bank of the Prut river attracted the global aggressive policy of St. Petersburg from the second half of the 19th century. Thus, the territories began to play an increasingly important strategic military role in the aggressive plans of the Russian Empire authority as a potential springboard for further military expansion with the aim of gaining control over all of the Balkan Peninsula and eliminate the influence of the Ottoman Empire in the region. On the basis of the archived documents and historical theoretical works of the 19th – 20th century the paper attempts to represent the objective picture of the Russian military presence on the territory of Bessarabia, to show the negative role of mili- taristic aspirations of the Romanovs Empire, the primary objective of which was enslavement of the nearby peoples and states. Russia was defeated in the Russian-Turkish war. Besides the immense human losses of the regular army, administrative-ter- ritorial units appeared to be in a grave economic condition, executing the functions of operative rear. Intensive purchases of food and feed-stuff, exploiting of the locals for military duties as horse riders and part-time workers, compulsory mobilization of transport vehicles, the overall price increase for necessary commodities and products negatively affected the general social state of Bessarabia inhabitants. The Empire aimed at building a military outpost along the south-west and south borders with the simultaneous involving of all economic and social resources of the region. The legislative and administrative evolution of Bessarabia region which during the first half of the 19th century bore the status of outskirts, in the perspective development wholly depended on the military plans of Petersburg what is represented in the paper in detail.
Authors and Affiliations
Anatolii SKRYPNYK
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