BİR KENTLİ HAKKI OLARAK DOLAŞIM HAKKI: AFYONKARAHİSAR HALKININ ALGISI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Journal Title: Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
Dünyada henüz kentli hakları konusunda bağlayıcılığı olan veya bu hakların tam olarak neler olduğunu gösteren, üzerinde uzlaşılmış herhangi bir uluslararası metin bulunmamaktadır. Buna karşın 1992 tarihli “Avrupa Kentsel Şartı” ve 2008 tarihli “Avrupa Kentsel Şartı-2: Yeni Bir Kentlilik İçin Manifesto” başta olmak üzere kentli haklarını konu edinen birçok belge söz konusudur. Bu konuda ortaya konulan en önemli uluslararası metin olma özelliğini taşıyan Avrupa Kentsel Şartı’nda benimsenen 20 maddelik bildirgede, dolaşım hakkı da bir kentli hakkı olarak yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar kent merkezinde bulunan kentlilerin dolaşım hakkından yararlanma düzeylerini, kendi düşünceleri ekseninde saptamak üzere bir ampirik araştırma yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Afyonkarahisar Belediyesi sınırları içinde ikamet eden 419 kişiden yüz yüze anket yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak kent merkezinde yayalık, bisikletli ulaşım ve toplu ulaşım gibi sürdürülebilir ulaşım yöntemlerine ilişkin altyapı, donanım ve hizmetlerin genel olarak kaliteli, yeterli ve güvenli bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. EXTENDED SUMMARY Background Urban rights are one of the last categories of rights considering development process of human rights. There is no universally accepted and negotiated binding or descriptive international text about urban rights. However, it is known that there have been lots of remarkable developments about this issue at the international scale. For example, concrete descriptions about urban rights can be seen in the European Urban Charter dated 1992. Additionally, 20 articled urban rights declaration has been accepted in the Charter. According to that, one of the rights of Europe-living urbanites is the right of mobility. Purpose and Method This study aims to determine benefiting of the right of mobility -as an urban right- of urbanites at the city center of Afyonkarahisar, according to their mindset. In this purpose, an empirical research has been made and the collected data has been explained. The data, which used in the research, has been collected from 419 people who live within the boundaries of Afyonkarahisar Municipality through face-to-face survey method. Research survey constituted as two main sections. The purpose of first section is defining (demographic features, the situation of using a private motor vehicle, the situation of using a bicycle, the most common method at using urban transportation) the urbanites as the sample; and the purpose of second section is determining urbanites’ benefiting levels of right of mobility. According to the European Urban Charter, the healthy and continuous usage of right of mobility depends on decreasing the volume of private motor vehicle transportation. In other words, sustainable transportation methods should be preferred rather private motor vehicles at urban transportation. Therefore, the purpose of survey’s second section is revealing the actual situation of pedestrianism, bicycle transportation and public transportation at the city center of Afyonkarahisar through perceptions of urbanite participants. Findings and Conclusions It can be seen that gender distribution of urbanite participants is at equilibrium, they are mostly representing the young population and most of them are educated at upper level than a high school level. Additionally, most of the participants are from low income level while still an important rate of them are state officers and students. Almost half of the sample (49%) use a private motor vehicle (automobile, minivan, panelvan, pickup, motorcycle, etc.) at urban transportation (usage frequency is different from each other). Although one fourth of participants stated that they use bicycle; it is mostly used a few times at a month or a year just for reasons except transportation (fun, sport, etc.). The rate of using bicycle for transportation (usage frequency is different from each other) is very low (9%). The most preferred method at urban transportation is; pedestrianism at short distances transportation, public transportation and private automobile at medium and long distances transportation. However, according to the results obtained from survey, it can be understood that urbanite participants think the substructure; hardware and services about the sustainable methods of transportation such as pedestrianism, bicycle transportation and public transportation at the city center of Afyonkarahisar are generally unqualified, inadequate and insecure. Besides -generally- it can be seen that female participants, higher education degreed participants and non-Afyonkarahisar originated participants assign meanings that are more negative to the above mentioned services.
Authors and Affiliations
Hulusi Nusret ÖZSOY, Ethem Kadri PEKTAŞ
Keywords
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- EP ID EP441703
- DOI 10.30798/makuiibf.347751
- Views 153
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