Bleaching Materials and Tooth Whiteners. Adopted by the FDI General Assembly: 26 August 2005 Montréal, Canada
Journal Title: Journal of Stomatology (Czasopismo Stomatologiczne) - Year 2015, Vol 68, Issue 1
Abstract
Dental bleaching materials and whiteners are intended to remove both intrinsic and/or extrinsic tooth stains. Professional in-office tooth whitening products have been used in dentistry for more than a century. In contrast, at-home tooth whitening products intended for patient use under limited professional supervision were introduced to the dental profession in 1989. There are 2 types of professional bleaching or whitening systems that are currently available for treating natural teeth, 1) in-office whiteners administered by dental professionals or 2) home-use products that are issued to patients for in-home use under the dentist’s supervision. Currently, the most commonly used professional formulations are gel preparations of hydrogen or carbamide peroxide.In recent years a variety of over-the-counter (OTC) products, formulations and delivery systems have been introduced to the profession and general public. There is ongoing controversy and confusion as to whether whitening products should be regulated as cosmetic or therapeutic devices; or if dental bleaches and whiteners should be sold directly to the consumer or used without direct professional supervision.
Authors and Affiliations
POLICY STATEMENT FDI, PTS STANOWISKO
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP76993
- DOI 10.5604/00114553.1144380
- Views 97
- Downloads 0
Analiza obciążeń zewnętrznych prowokujących złamania czołowo-oczodołowo-nosowe wykonana za pomocą metody elementów skończonych
Wstęp: szkielet czaszkowotwarzowy jest obszarem nierozpoznanym do końca pod względem mechanicznych właściwości wytrzymałościowych. Ocena oporności szkieletu czaszkowotwarzowego żywego człowieka na zewnętrzne obciążenia,...
Incidence of malocclusions vs. orthodontic treatment need among young Polish adults – literature review.
Introduction. Constantly increasing interest in orthodontic treatment among young Polish adults makes the problem of frequency of malocclusions very topical. Aim of the study. The aim of the review was to analyze availab...
Laser method and its effect on the oral mucous membrane in the context of the preprosthetic surgery*
Introduction. Various treatment methods are applied in the preprosthetic surgery. The most frequently used are lasers, standard excision of the lesion with a scalpel and with an electrocauter. Aim of the study. Compariso...
Przepływ krwi w naczyniach krwionośnych żuchwy, jego ocena oraz implikacje prognostyczne z uwzględnieniem technik dopplerowskich – na podstawie piśmiennictwa
Wstęp: zanik kości części zębodołowej żuchwy stanowi częsty problem u pacjentów leczonych protetycznie.Cel pracy: próba analizy hipotez dotyczących etiopatogenezy atrofiiczęścizębodołowejżuchwynapodstawie piśmiennictwa o...
Patients with nephropathy in the dental office*
Organ transplantation is often the only effective treatment for end-stage renal failure. The role of the dentist is to carry out comprehensive sanitation of the oral cavity prior to transplantation surgery, as well as to...