Buccal Cell Micronuclei Assay: A Non-Invasive Genotoxic Marker
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
The introduction of non-invasive and presumptive diagnostic techniques for oral premalignant and malignant lesions in an early stage gave rise to the need for Buccal Cell Micronuclei assay. Formation of micronuclei due to carcinogenic agents depicting cytogenic damage forms the basis of this assay. During nuclear division in cell replication cycle, the chromosomal fragments which fall short from participation in new daughter cell nuclei formation, give rise to micronuclei. These may be clastogenic and aneugenic depending on presence or absence of centromere. Similarly, other nuclear abnormalities like pyknotic cells, binucleated cells, karyorrhectic cells, condensed chromatin may indicate towards pending genomic instability leading to major or minor degenerative or developmental diseases. The knowledge regarding cytotoxicity of several genotoxins and their affliction with micronuclei formation has been discussed in detail. This review summarise the methodology and result analysis of the test including the various stains that can be utilised for buccal cell micronuclei assay. It also highlights various studies done on BCMN assay in various lesions and subjects exposed to various genotoxic agents and also the futuristic aspects in this assay.
Authors and Affiliations
Vipul Jain, Parul Lohra, Bhanu Priya, Deepak Sindhu
Keywords
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