Burning parameters of litter from Ukrainian Polissya pine forests
Journal Title: Лісівництво і агролісомеліорація - Year 2016, Vol 129, Issue
Abstract
The study of the conditions of the forest debris combustion and burning is important for solving the problem of preventing forest fires and also for using effective fire-fighting methods and means. In particular, the pine forests of Ukrainian Polissya have the root system placed close to the earth surface, and it is the litter to be the most important object of the primary burning. The object of the study was the litter of the pine forests of SE “Ostkivske Forest Economy” Rivne Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting. In the laboratory, we studied the dynamics of change of litter monoliths layers temperature while the flame front (smoulding front) goes through them. Various trophic monoliths showed a difference in combustion temperature dynamics. The combustion modes of monoliths from fairly infertile pine site type (B) are characterized by higher temperature (by 50–100°С) than monoliths from infertile pine site type (A). At the same time, the speed of combustion front expansion of trophotope B monoliths is lower, and the reason of it is the higher density of combustible material. There is a difference in the monoliths combustion modes in dry and completely dry conditions. For dry infertile pine site type litter monoliths the maximum temperature varies in the range of 131–295°С from lower to upper layers. The lowest temperature was measured in the lowest H layer and the medium F layer of the litter. The combustion temperature of monoliths litter increases significantly if they are in dry conditions. The minimum combustion temperature was recorded at the depths more than 3 cm in H layer (333–347°С), and maximum in the F layer (525–655°С). The forest litter burning speed has a tendency of reducing to the depths of the layer. The exception is the monolith surface refreshed by its convection currents while burning with heat evolution. The effect of wind on changing combustion parameters was qualitatively evaluated. The presence of wind during the experiment leads to the oxygen enrichment in the deep litter layers and also to more intense burning and elevation of temperature in these layers. The methodology used is promising, as it can be used to simulate not only litter-humus and steppe fires in the laboratory.
Authors and Affiliations
V. Vоrоn, O. Tkach, I. Bаrаbаsh
Keywords
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