Castelli Risk Index, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and Atherogenic Coefficient: Emerging Risk Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease in HIV-Treated Patients
Journal Title: Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 10
Abstract
Abstract:Atherogenic cardiovascularrisk assessment is important in the management of dyslipidaemia associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Generally, Castelli’s Risk Index (CRI), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Atherogenic coefficient (AC) are becoming useful indices as risk predictors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We studied the importance of these indices in identifying at-risk HIV individuals receiving treatment.Eighty (80) HIV-patients comprising treatment (n=40) and treatment-naïve (n=40) groups with age- and sex-matched were enrolled. Traditional lipid parameters {Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerol (TG), and HDLc} were analyzed using spectrophotometry. The LDLc was calculated using Friedewald equation. Non-HDLc, CRI-I (TC/HDLc ratio) and CRI-II (LDLc/HDLc ratio), AIP {Log10 (TG/HDL-c)} and AC {(Non-HDLc)/HDLc}were also calculated. The CD4+ cell count was determined using flow cytometry.The correlations between atherogenic indices and lipid profile were determined using Pearson’s correlation. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Risk estimation by stratification based on number of altered lipid profile parameter showed no significant increase (P>0.05) in any of the traditional lipid profile parameters except for HDLc with significant elevation (P<0.001) across the strata. Remarkably, all estimated atherogenic indices were found significantly high (P<0.001) across the strata. However, these indices showed positive significant correlations with LDLc and nonHDLc (p<0.001), but negative significant correlations with HDLc (p<0.01).In this present study, the estimated risk indices were suggestive of atherogenicity that helped identifying individuals with dyslipidemia at risk of CVD. Findings from this study also indicated that without markedly deranged lipid profile these estimated indices could serve as more sensitive risk predictors. Keywords:Antiretroviral Therapy;AtherogenicCoefficient;Atherogenic Index of Plasma;Castelli’s Risk Index; Cardiovascular Disease;Dyslipidemia.
Authors and Affiliations
Adedokun A. Kamoru, Olisekodiaka M. Japhet, Adeyeye D. Adetunji, Muhibi A. Musa, Ojokuku O. Hammed, Adepeju A. Akinlawon, Onifade A. Abdufatah, Adetoro A. Taofik
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP393523
- DOI -
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
Legibility assessment of handwritten O.P.D prescriptions of a tertiary care Medical College and Hospital in Eastern India
Abstract: Legibility and accuracy are the key features of every handwritten prescription. Large number of medication errors and even death of patients may occur due to illegible prescriptions. The present study was under...
Widespread and Fungating Kaposi Sarcoma in an HIV Negative Patient
Abstract: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm of the endothelial cells that commonly occurs in conditions that may lead to severe immunosuppression, e.g. HIV/AIDS, malignancies or use of immune suppressing medicat...
Consumer Antibacterial Soaps: Effective or Just risky? Examination of the evidence
Abstract: Much has been written recently about the potential hazards versus benefits of antibacterial (biocide)–containing soaps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Bar soap from 20 different Dental clinics for mi...
A Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Non-fixed Combination of Dorzolamide/timolol and Latanoprost/Timolol in Open Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension
Abstract:The Aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of non-fixed combination (NFC) of dorzolamide (2.0%)/timolol maleate (0.5%) versus NFC of latanoprost (0.005%)/timolol maleate (0.5%) regardi...
Evaluation/Comprehension of Prescription Writing in V.S General Hospital and Nagri Eye Hospital
Abstract: Improper comprehension of the prescription can lead to wrong drugs taken, misuse of the drug dosage, and ineffective drug action by not following the proper schedule, which was advised, or development of advers...