CAUSES OF PEASANT UNREST IN THE SOUTHERN PROVINCES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND THEIR RESULTS

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CAUSES OF PEASANT UNREST IN THE SOUTHERN PROVINCES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND THEIR RESULTS

Journal Title: Історичний архів. Наукові студії - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 17

Abstract

The author considers the main causes of peasant unrest in the south of Ukraine during First Russian Revolution.It is proposed to review the statistics of peasant rebellions during the revolution of 1905-1907.Particular attention is paid to the reform of social and economic life of the peasants, which have been partially implemented by the Government of the Russian Empire, spite of the defeat of the revolutionary forces.Also, the author explores the adaptation of the tsarist policy to mass peasants uprisings in the early twentieth century. The author notes that the main reason for urgency of the agrarian question in the early twentieth century relate with an imperfection reforms, initiated by Alexander II, which have not been completed due to traditional features of monarchical bureaucracy of Russian Empire.This imperfection caused the active development of the peasant movement for their rights to land in the nineteenth century. In general, in the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire from 1890 to 1900 years there were at least 152 peasant uprisings: in the Kherson province – 15; in the Ekaterinoslav province – 11 in the Tauride province – 12. Among the natural causes of the unrest was a famine caused by bad harvests. Land prices increased causing discontent of the farmers.It was economical causes. And also mistrust in the Orthodox Church appeared. The psychological motive was arrogant attitude of landlords. The revolutionary political parties provoked clashes with government forces. They often spread rumors about an allegedly real imperial order about distribution of land among the peasants. There were frequent clashes between police and peasants, which were provoked by revolutionary political parties. This was particularly common after spread rumors of an equitable distribution of land among peasants The Russian government stopped peasant unrest partly after the first Russian revolution. At this time in Ukraine there were 1361 cases, including 81 clashes with police and troops, 35 cases of tax evasion, 50 mass demonstrations against the separation from the community, 550 cases of arson estates and 20 attacks on wealthy farmers. The consequences of peasant unrest were a partial solution of the agrarian problem. Firstly the government officially recognized that since 1861 the problem existed and it had to be solved. Secondly the agrarian question became a topic for discussion in many social organizations. Thirdly, plan of peasant reform was partially implemented and it changed radical sentiment in the society. In Russian Empire after the formation of the parliament the agrarian question was under special control. Thus, one could argue that the peasant unrest during the First Russian Revolution stimulated the government of Russian empire to reform of agriculture, including the southern Ukraine.

Authors and Affiliations

P. Tokalenko

Keywords

EP ID EP234459
DOI -
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