Challenges of Resource Mobilization Among The Turkana Pastoralist Community of Kenya.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 10
Abstract
Natural resources form an integral part of society all over the world as sources of income, industry, and identity. Developing countries tend to be more dependent on natural resources as their primary source of income, and many individuals depend on these resources for their livelihoods. It is estimated that half of the world‘s population remains directly tied to local natural resources; many rural communities depend upon agriculture, fisheries, minerals, and timber as their main sources of income. Apart from being key drivers of sustainable livelihoods, resources can also be a remarked source of conflict both within and without of the communities who have been known to co-exist peacefully. This paper is focused on identifying the types of resources found in Turkana land, how they can be mobilized and managed in order to improve the Turkana community‘s pastoralist livelihoods and also the papers seeks to analyze the cause or the source of conflict faced in their mobilization and how they can be resolved. The paper targets the Turkana pastoralist community living in Turkana central sub-county. The study used the descriptive research design using mixed methods to collect and analyze data which was obtained using data collection instruments such as questionnaires, FGDs, key informers interview schedules and researcher‘s observation. The study used stratified random sampling to get the representative data. The study was based on resource mobilization theory that explains social movements by viewing individuals as rational actors that are engaged in instrumental actions that use formal organizations to secure resources and fostering mobilization. The study found out the following resources are found in Turkana, Livestock (Pastoral economy), water masses (Lake& Rivers), Land (Forests, crops), minerals (gold, Oil), Solar Energy, Funds (Money), Human Capital, Natural resources (Rivers, Forests and Mountains), the study also found that challenges affecting resource mobilization as; Illiteracy among the pastoralists, drought, poverty, climate change, banditry, resource based conflict i.e Oil, community boundaries for this problem there is need to revisit the colonial maps so that the original boundaries could be traced and be remarked, water, grazing land, political incitement. The study concluded that there is need to embrace dialogue between intergovernments, inter-communities, more schools to be started, joint peace meetings to be initiated by leaders from either sides, the governments should also bring the NGOs and Civil society to come and compliment what is needed so as the communities are able to identify, mobilize and utilize their God given resources.
Authors and Affiliations
Joshua Lojock Lemuya ,, Dr Patrick Kere Maelo,, Prof Leonard Simiyu Mulongo
Keywords
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