Changing trend of antimicrobial resistance pattern in UTI: one year retrospective study
Journal Title: International Journal of Research in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics (IJRPP) - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 3
Abstract
Background The distribution of uropathogen and their susceptibility pattern to antibiotics vary regionally and even in same geographical region, and they change over time and during various season. Antimicrobial resistance pattern of locally occurring uropathogen is essential to serve as a basis for empirical treatment of urinary tract infection. AIM: To study the most common uropathogen isolated, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and its seasonal trend if any from urine samples of patients suspected to be suffering from UTI. Study design Retrospective study of one-year period from 1st Jan 2017 to 30 Dec 2017. Materials and methods The culture and sensitivity data of the uropathogens from suspected cases of UTI were collected from the records of Microbiology Department, and the organisms were identified by standard methods. Antibiotic susceptibility was carried out. Percentage analysis was done. Results A total of 5629 urine samples were analyzed, of which 1829 (32%) samples showed significant growth of uropathogens. Gram-negative rods accounted for more than 85% of the infections. Uropathogenic E.coli was the most predominant uropathogen (36%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (27%) and Klebsiella (10.5%). We observed that resistance to Ampicillin is high ranging from 73.8%-95.2%, followed by amoxicillin–clavulanic acid 68.5%-90.4%, Cotrimoxazole 40.2%-83.3%, whereas nitrofurantoin 3.95%-9.50%, and carbapenem group (imipenam, meropenam) 0.1%-4.45% showed least resistance over one year period. We also observed that the incidence of UTI due to E.coli rises in summer months but no seasonal variation to resistance could be inferred, rather there was a progressive increase in resistance to all antimicrobial over one year period. Conclusion Uropathogenic E Coli are most sensitive to nitrofurantoin and carbapenem group, so we recommend them for empirical treatment in UTI. Public health guidelines must stress on measures to prevent UTI in summers.
Authors and Affiliations
M. Agrawal M. Agrawal
Keywords
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