Characterization Of Selected Nigerian Indigenous Biomass Wastes For Their Suitability In Biofuel Production.
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 9
Abstract
his work investigated the properties of ten selected Nigerian indigenous biomass wastes. The biomass wastes investigated were bambaranut shell (BS), bush mango nut shell (BMS), cassava stalk (CS), cocoyam peel (CP), detar shell (DS), empty fruit bunch (EFB), maize stalk (MS), mango seed shell (MSS), sugarcane bagasse (SB), and wild cassava peel (WCP). For comparison, the properties of coal were investigated, and the results obtained compared to those of the biomass wastes. The metal contents of the coal and biomasses were determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and total sulphur content determined using gravimetric method. Proximate analyses were done using ASTM methods. Calorific value was determined using an Oxygen Bomb calorimeter and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of the coal and the different biomasses. The AAS analyses showed that coal contained higher concentration of metals, Ca (115mg/kg), Fe (63.37mg/kg), Mg (21.15mg/kg), Na (12.64mg/kg), Zn (18.25mg/kg), K (8.10mg/kg), than the biomasses, Ca ( 21.27mg/kg to 95.56mg/kg), Fe (26.18mg/kg to 46.72mg/kg), Mg (1.47mg/kg to 20.00mg/kg), Na (3.11mg/kg to 9.22mg/kg), Zn (2.75mg/kg to 16.50mg/kg), and K (0.40mg/kg to 1.90mg/kg). Total sulphur content analysis showed 0.6% for coal, and BDL to 0.01% for the biomasses. SEM analyses showed different lignocellulosic structures. Proximate analyses of the materials showed that the moisture content of the biomasses ranged from 6.21 ± 0.13% to 8.81 ± 0.23%, and that of coal 7.76 ± 0.12%, while the ash content of the biomasses ranged from 4.16 ± 0.02% to 6.11 ± 0.00%, and that of coal was 18.06 ± 0.03%. The calorific value of coal was 24.30 ± 0.10MJ/kg, and ranged from 16.73 ± 0.05MJ/kg to 18.90 ± 0.20 MJ/kg for the biomasses. The low sulphur, and ash content, as well as low concentration of the metals in the biomasses presented them as a better fuel than coal, and hence, suitable feedstock for bio-fuel production. The results obtained in this work could be useful to understand the biomass combustion related issues, and also help in finding appropriate energy conversion technologies to effectively utilize the biomass feedstock.
Authors and Affiliations
Eze-Ilochi Nkechinyere Olivia, Oti Wilberforce J.
Keywords
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