Chemical Composition and Ovicidal, Larvicidal and Pupicidal Activity of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil against Anopheles gambiae. (Diptera: Culicidae)
Journal Title: European Journal of Medicinal Plants - Year 2016, Vol 16, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Malaria remains a serious Public Health issue in the sub-Saharan regions. Although Anopheles gambiae (main malaria vector) has developed resistance against commonly used insecticides, the emergence of this resistance as well as the pollution of the environment by these chemicals have led to the use of plant-derived products such as essential oils. Aim: This study aimed to characterize and investigate in laboratory bioassays the ovicidal, larvicidal and pupicidal activities of Ocimum basilicum essential oil against aquatic stages of Anopheles gambiae, the main malaria vector in Cameroon. Methods: Essential oils of O. basilicum fresh leaves were extracted by hydrodistillation, characterized by gas chromatography coupling mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and tested against An. gambiae eggs, larvae and pupal stages in laboratory bioassays. Results: With an overall yield of 0.31% (w/w), the essential oil of O. basilicum fresh leaves revealed the presence of 29 compounds by GC-MS. Monoterpenes were the main group of compounds found with 1-8 Cineol (33.9%), β-Pinene 16.09%), Terpineol (11.21%) and α-Pinene (5.65%) as the main ingredients. These compounds demonstrated an efficient toxic effect against the aquatic stages of An. gambiae with no egg hatching after 24 hours exposure at >30 ppm. The LC50 values of the essential oil were respectively obtained one hour and 24 hours post-exposure for first (29.41 and 24.7 ppm), second (34.7 and 17.6 ppm), third (34.7 and 20 ppm) and fourth (45.29 and 23.5 ppm) instars larvae and the pupal stage (45.88 and 36.47 ppm) of An. gambiae. Conclusion: The essential oil of O. basilicum demonstrated a good efficacy against the aquatic stages of An. gambiae and could be suitable for use in mosquito control programme for a Public Health purposes.
Authors and Affiliations
Foko Dadji Gisèle Aurelie, Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension, Tsila Henri Gabriel, Awono Ambene Parfait Herman, Ndong Massouka Pauline, Tamesse Joseph Lebel
In vitro Antisickling and Radical Scavenging Activities of a Poly-herbal Formula (Drepanoalpha®) in Sickle Cell Erythrocyteand Acute Toxicity Study in Wistar Albino Rats
Aims: To evaluate the antisickling and radical scavenging activities and acute toxicity of indigenous nutritive formula Drepanoalpha®, produced through a bio-guided based plant selection. Study Design: Drepanoalpha® ext...
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effect of Dolichousnea longissima (Ach.) Articus Extract against Cisplatin Induced Liver Damage in Wistar Rats
Although it is being an extremely potent cytotoxic drug, cisplatin has vital poisonous adverse effects limiting its use like nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity hepatotoxicity. It is thought that cisplatin-indu...
Phytochemical Screening, In-vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Antioxidant Characteristics of Tetrapleura tetraptera Extracts
Aims: In order to provide scientific evidence for the ethno-medical claims, this study was conducted to determine the phyto-constituents, antimicrobial activity and the antioxidant activity of the crude leaf and stem bar...
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Trichilia emetica (Meliaceae) Stem and Root Bark against Free Radical-induced Oxidative Haemolysis
Background: The objectives of this study are to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiradical properties of methanol extract of the stem and root bark of Trichilia emetica on a model of free radical-induced...
A Review on Iranian Carum copticum (L.): Composition and Biological Activities
Aims: This paper examined thoroughly chemical composition and biological properties of Carum copticum. Study Design: Introduction on curtain characteristic of medicinal Ajowan (Carum copticum (L.)). Place and Duration...