Clinical and Bacteriological Diagnosis of Foot-rot in Beef bulls in Basra
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 13, Issue 5
Abstract
Foot rot is a common disease of small ruminants and cattle that cause world-wide economic losses in animal’s production. Fusobacterium necrophorum is attributed to be involved in the primary causes of foot-rot in cattle. We applied bacteriological and biochemical tests to analyze specimens collected from the hooves of bulls with symptomatic foot-rot for the presence of F. necrophorum in conjugation with complete blood count analysis. Out of thirty-one samples tested, twenty-nine had positive to F. necrophorum. Of the thirty-one blood samples, we did not find significant differences in hemogram profile than normal in the acute phase of the disease while significant changes in leukogram were noticed. The recurrent detection of F. necrophorum within beef bulls’ herds in Basra Province is noticeable that suggests a substantial role of this organism in hoof infection of cattle.Foot-rot is an acute and extremely infectious bacterial disease that generates lesions on the subcutaneous tissues and skin of the interdigital space of ruminants [1]. The disease is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. A rod shaped gram-negative aerotolerant anaerobe opportunistic bacterium; that presents normally in the feces and rumen of cattle and in their environment [2]. Fusobacterium necrophorum has the ability to cause considerable hepatic abscessation in cattle, sheep and camel [3]. Two subspecies of this bacterium were recognized; F. necrophorum sub-species necrophorum F. necrophorum and F. necrophorum sub-species fundulforme. The sub-species necrophorum is detected more frequently in foot-rot infections than the sub-species funduliforme as a result of its intensive virulence [4]. Several secreted products and/or toxins have involved as virulence factors. Haemagglutinin, endotoxin and leukotoxin [5], haemolysin and adhesion [2] are the main factors assisting the ruminal localization and liver invasion. Among these toxins, “endotoxin” and “leukotoxin” are thought to be more effective than others in overcoming the hosts defense mechanism to induce the infection [2,5]. Many attempts for providing a protective immunity against F. necrophorum by using toxoid, whole cell bacterin or other cytoplasmic compositions have been investigated. Unfortunately, none of the prototype immunogens has been introduced a satisfy immunity against fusobacterial infection.
Authors and Affiliations
Wessam Monther Mohammed Saleh, Hussein Ali Naji, Mohanad H Lafta, Saad Hashim Al-Husseiny, Fatima Ali Abood, Shifaa Kareem Yassir
Keywords
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- EP ID EP585638
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.13.002472
- Views 175
- Downloads 0
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