Clinical Study of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Presentation and Assessment of Complications Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Background and objectives: Type 2 DM is the most prevalent form of diabetes mellitus seen in India. It constitutes more than 95% of diabetic population out of which 50% are undiagnosed and their mode of presentation varies considerably. Their glycemic status at diagnosis will be high and will have long standing hyperglycemia. Objectives : To find out the various pattern of presentation, prevalence of obesity and family history, frequency and severity of complication, their glycemic status at diagnosis. Methods: A total of 100 patients who were diagnosed as Type 2 DM on WHO criteria were included in this study. Patient with history of acute infection, pregnant women, on steroids, beta blockers and diuretics were excluded. Results: Mean age of onset of DM was 48.38±10.72years. Male: Female ratio 1.5:1. 29% had family history of DM. Mean BMI was 24.87 ± 5.34. WHR 0.938±0.093. Retinopathy was the most common presentation (29%), followed by IHD (17%) and neuropathy (16%). The mean FBS, PPBS and HbA1c were 229.72±92.12mg/dl and 290.5 ± 96.45 mg/dl, 9.31 ± 1.63% respectively. TG, LDL and TC abnormalities were found in 25.5%, 45.7% and 17.02% of patients respectively. Interpretation and conclusion: Diagnosis of Type 2 DM after the age of 35 years is very important as the incidence of complications increases as a duration of DM increases. Diabetes mellitus is often silent and must be controlled meticulously. The myth “cure for diabetes” which has rampantly spread among the diabetic population needs to be eradicated with the help of effective patient education programs. They commonly present with symptoms of hyperglycemia, and retinopathy. Complications increase with high values of FBS and HbA1c %. Prevalence of macrovascular complications were low. The lipid abnormalities particularly with TG and LDL plays a major role in atherogenesis leading to microvascular complications and IHD. Early diagnosis with clinical presentation, examination and glycemic status helps to treat promptly and reduce mortality due to complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr praveen, Dr Murugesh pastapur, Dr Suresh Chincholi
Keywords
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- EP ID EP588789
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1601032024
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