CLINICOETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF FIRST EPISODE SEIZURE IN CHILDREN 1 MONTH TO 12 YEARS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 15
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seizures are one of the most common neurological causes of childhood hospitalization having significant mortality and morbidity. There was limited data regarding acute seizure episodes in paediatric population from developing countries, and so this study was aimed to assess the age wise distribution, aetiology of seizures, classification of seizure types and outcome in children presenting with seizures in our hospital. METHODS This is a descriptive hospital based prospective study carried out in the Department of Paediatrics- Thanjavur Medical College, from October 2017 to June 2018. Parameters such as demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory test, neuroimaging, EEG, diagnosis and outcome during hospital stay were assessed. RESULTS A total of 150 children was admitted for seizures with 89 (59.3%) male and 61 (40.7%) female children. Among them, 109 (72.6%) presented with fever and 128 (85.3%) children were less than 5 years of age. Generalised tonic clonic seizure was the most common type (65.3%). Febrile seizure was the most common aetiology 75 (50%), followed by unprovoked seizures 34 (22.6%). Acute CNS infection 33 (22%), AGN with hypertensive encephalopathy 3 (2%), late onset HDN, neurocysticercosis 2 (1.3%) and tuberous sclerosis 1 (0.7%). CONCLUSIONS Acute episode of seizure is one of the commonest causes of hospitalization with high morbidity and mortality. Febrile seizures are the most common cause of seizures in febrile children. Seizures are more common in the age group of less than 5 years. Neuroimaging should be advised in all afebrile children, and children with partial seizures. CNS infections like meningitis, encephalitis, neurocysticercosis can be prevented with improvement in healthcare facilities. Children presenting with unprovoked seizure require long term follow up studies including neurophysiological studies and neuroimaging (CT/MRI) for better understanding of childhood seizure disorder in developing countries
Authors and Affiliations
Brinda Sivalingam, Rajasekar Srinivasan, Thivia Thilak
Keywords
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- EP ID EP557367
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2019/270
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