Comparative Characteristics of the Epidemiological Situation on HIV/AIDS in Two Administrative Districts of Large Industrial City
Journal Title: Актуальна інфектологія - Year 2014, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Relevance. Ukraine is at one of the leading places in Eastern Europe on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The epidemic continues with the trend towards further growth in all regions of Ukraine, but spread across the country is unevenly. Most HIV-infected patients are in the developed industrial areas: Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Mykolayiv and Donetsk. In Ukraine, there is a developed legal framework aimed at preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS. Despite the active implementation of national programs for work with vulnerable groups, the HIV epidemic continues in all regions of Ukraine. In this regard, there is an active search for leverage of possible impact of the unfavorable epidemiological situation. Objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological situation of HIV/AIDS in the two areas of large industrial city with different socio-economic infrastructure. Materials and Methods. An analysis of the statistical indicators of the epidemiological situation of HIV/AIDS in the city of Dnepropetrovsk («D») in areas with different socio-economic levels for the period of 2010–2012. We observed 3869 HIV-positive patients, of which in Zh. district — 195 persons, in the L. district — 338 persons. As a part of the study, two districts with nearly the same number of people, but with different social and economic conditions of life were selected. District Zh. (Zh-district) is located in the central part of Dnipropetrovsk, it is the intellectual center of the city, includes 137,910 inhabitants and is characterized by well-developed social infrastructure. District L. is industrial (L-district) one, includes 138,583 inhabitants, it is an industrial area with different types of production. The analysis was conducted by comparing the different relative and absolute parameters. Results and Discussion. According to official data, in the «D» city during the observation period there were registered 43,559 cases of HIV infection. When analyzing the registration of HIV infection in the «D» city, the relative stabilization of the epidemiological situation was revealed. The dynamics of morbidity through the districts identified the steady tendency to the predominance of HIV infection in the L-district. Such dynamics is observed and in terms of the number of HIV-infected people, subjected to regular medical check-up. In the industrial area, the activity of the population at the dispensary registration, at first glance, is higher than in the Zh-district, and indicators of dispensary groups differ by 1.7–2.2 times. But when analyzing the frequency of registering in a dispensary, it was revealed that in both areas every third patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection were equally often registered in a dispensary, while the rest of patients remained without registration. Studying routes of infection showed predominance in both areas of parenteral route of HIV infection in 2010, and in the remaining years of observation the presence of both sexual and parenteral routes of infection was equally noted, which coincides with the trend in Ukraine.
Authors and Affiliations
L. R. Shostakovych-Koretskaya, M. A. Nikolaychuk, I. V. Budayeva, O. M. Yakunina, Z. A. Chikarenko, Yu. A. Sadovoy
Keywords
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