COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL TUBE TECHNIQUE AND COLUMN AGGLUTINATION TECHNIQUE FOR ANTIBODY SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION AT MGM BLOOD BANK, NAVI MUMBAI
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 92
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretransfusion testing is one of the most important section of the entire transfusion process. Conventional tube technique (CTT) is the most commonly employed technique in blood grouping, cross-matching and for the detection of antibodies. It is still considered as a gold standard in the pretransfusion testing but it has some inherent limitations. Newer techniques have been introduced to overcome the shortcomings of the CTT. One of them is Column agglutination technique (CAT). The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy in terms of sensitivity and specificity of CAT over the CTT in our setup for antibody screening and identification. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prospective comparative study was conducted for a period of 6 months. A total of 2258 patients’ samples were screened for antibody detection during the pretransfusion testing process. Each sample was tested with CTT parallelly with CAT for antibody screening and identification. The results of CTT and CAT were compared using Student ‘t’ test, p value of <0.05 was considered significant. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated by the standard manual method. RESULTS Out of 2258 samples screened, a total of 11 cases with antibodies were identified. Of these, all 11 could be identified by CAT and only 7 were determined by CTT. The overall incidence of alloimmunisation was 0.5%. Out of 11 antibodies, 10 were clinically significant and one was clinically insignificant. The most commonly found antibody was Anti-D followed by Anti-c, Anti-M, AntiFy(a) and Anti-Le(a). The results obtained by CTT and CAT showed statistical significant difference, p value=0.04. The sensitivity of CTT was 63.63% while the specificity was 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of CAT were 100%. CONCLUSION The gel technique is now considered better and has been introduced as a replacement to conventional tube technique on an automation platform. Though CTT is still considered gold standard in pretransfusion testing, it still has various disadvantages and depends on accurate hand to eye work of the laboratory personnel. The CAT, although being costly affair, still has several advantages over the tube technique. Therefore, it is highly recommended to be used routinely in the pretransfusion testing.
Authors and Affiliations
Lakshita Varshney, Seema Gupta
Keywords
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- EP ID EP279200
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2017/1420
- Views 85
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