Comparison of Placental Histopathology in IUG Rand Normal Term Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Healthy development of fetus is dependent on normal placental development. Alteration in the placental development is the main etiopathological factor for IUGR. The present study aims to compare the histopathological findings of placenta in IUGR and normal term delivery. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was done at an Army zonal Hospital from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017. Sixty placenta were studied of which 30 belonged to the IUGR group and other 30 were from normal term fetus( Control group). Inclusion criteria was maternal age between 20 to 35 yrs, Gestational age between 32 to 40.5 wks with IUGR(USG confirmed) or normal healthy fetus. Exclusion criteria were twin pregnancy, gestational age <32wks, and diabetes. Data of mother, newborn and placenta were recorded after delivery. The subjects were matched for age, height, weight, social status. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: Infarction rate, thrombosis, tissue ischemia, intervillous haemorrhage and intervillous fibrin deposition were significantly higher in IUGR group. Mean placenta weight was lower in IUGR group (380 gms vs. 510 gms). Conclusion:Placenta of IUGR newbornswere smaller with more microscopic infarction. The findings suggest that chronic ischemia and associated secondary changes probably lead to improper perfusion and IUGR. The gross and microscopic measurements of a placenta are more objective and seem to offer a good way to get proper information about IUGR. Therefore a detailed history of placental study should be taken during ANC visit of a lady with previous history of IUGR and manage the case accordingly.All IUGR fetuses must be considered at risk for poor placental circulation and hypoxia along with compromised nutrition. This study therefore indicates that study of fetal blood supply must be done as a part of surveillance of IUGR cases by Doppler study and other tests of fetal well-being must be carried out during antenatal period frequently and they must be delivered as soon as the fetal maturity is reasonably assured or there are any signs of fetal compromise.
Authors and Affiliations
Suneeta Singh, Arpitha Pemmarajub, Devendra Nema
Keywords
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- EP ID EP590841
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1601103640.
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