Complications, Prevalence, Clinical Presentation Of Diabetes Mellitus In Obstetrics Patients Attending A Medical College Hospital
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 7
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of the diabetes among pregnant women is increasing, attributable to advance maternal age, multi foetal gestation, increased body mass index, strong family history, sedentary life style, change in the diet, continued immigration. Gestational diabetes has few symptoms, commonly diagnosed by screening during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur from January 2017 to December 2017. The pre-existing medical disorders, blood sugar, routine antenatal investigations, type of delivery, ultrasound findings, complications of delivery, foetal outcome etc. were recorded. The participants were advised diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy. The intranatal and postnatal events were recorded. The results were compared with related literature. RESULTS: Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 71.9% of the study patients, a past history of diabetes mellitus was recorded in 81.34% of the study patients, and 49.2% of the patients were admitted at 8–12 weeks of gestation for diabetic control. The mean weight gained in pregnancy was significantly higher for control patients (11.52±5.643 versus [vs] 9.90±5.757 kg/m2 ; P<0.009), and the body mass index of study patients was higher (32.00±6.160 vs 28.20±5.885 kg/m2 ; P<0.0001). Of the study population, 64.3% of the patients were managed with diet and increased physical activity and 35.7% with insulin, diet, and increased physical activity. The incidences of maternal morbidity in both study and control groups were comparable, and the incidence of preeclampsia was low, at 2.3%. The gestational age at delivery was higher in the control group (39.02±1.834 weeks vs 38.62±1.773 weeks; P<0.0001), and the percentage of cesarean deliveries was higher in the study population (44.4% vs 33.3%; P=0.046). The Apgar scores of the both groups were comparable and in the normal range, and the incidences of fetal anomaly (1.17%), shoulder dystocia (1.8%), and Erb’s palsy (1.8%) were low. CONCLUSION: It is essential to ensure compliance on all three pillars of management of diabetes viz. diet, exercise and insulin during pregnancy. Hence health education for diabetes with special emphasis on obstetric care in pregnancy with diabetes should be promoted.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Ranju Jha, Dr. Umesh khan
Keywords
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- EP ID EP377280
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1707045862.
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