Concomitant use of carbamazepine and olanzapine and the effect on some behavioral functions in rats.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2011, Vol 63, Issue 2
Abstract
As shown in clinical studies, combinations of first generation normothymics (carbamazepine - CBZ) with atypical neuroleptics (olanzapine - OLA) lead to improvements in approximately half of patients treated for relapses of bipolar affective disease. Our previous studies have shown OLA to have an antidepressant effect when administered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg only upon single administration; the effect did not last throughout chronic administration, whereas CBZ administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg showed an antidepressant effect only after 7 days of administration. As shown in our previous studies, both OLA and CBZ improve memory in rats but only after chronic administration. The improved antidepressant effect of many drugs, including OLA and CBZ used in combined therapy - as observed in our clinic - as well as confirmed evidence of OLA's and CBZ's positive effects on cognitive functions in humans and animals substantiated commencement of research on defining the effect of combined administration of OLA and CBZ on sedation (tested in a locomotor activity test), antidepressant effect (Porsolt test) and spatial memory (Morris test) in animals. The tests were performed on male Wistar rats. It was found that in combined administration of CBZ and OLA for 7 and 14 days, OLA would completely prevent the CBZ's sedative effect. With combined administration of CBZ and OLA, both as a single dose and after prolonged treatment for 7 days, a significant reduction in immobility time was observed. Combined administration of CBZ and OLA did not improve memory in rats that received these drugs in a single dose, whereas statistically significant differences were observed in the chronic experiments. It can be assumed that the observed effects of combined administration of CBZ and OLA may be due to the pharmacokinetic interactions, but further studies are necessary to confirm these assumptions.
Authors and Affiliations
Elżbieta Nowakowska, Krzysztof Kus, Adam Polański, Kinga Burda, Anna Nowakowska, Czesław Sadowski
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP97446
- DOI -
- Views 128
- Downloads 0
Inflammatory pathways and microvascular responses in the lung.
Neutrophil granulocytes constitute an important host defense mechanism, but may at the same time damage functional tissue and propagate acute organ failure. This balance is particularly vulnerable in the lung which provi...
Exposure to alcohol and tobacco smoke causes oxidative stress in rats.
Tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse causes oxidative stress in humans and underlay numerous chronic degenerative diseases. Liver is the main organ exposed to alcohol toxic metabolites, whereas tobacco smoke is chiefly harm...
COX-2 as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1/2) catalyze the initial step in the formation of prostaglandins. Very recently their role in carcinogenesis has become more evident. They influence apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion, an...
Vane's discovery of the mechanism of action of aspirin changed our understanding of its clinical pharmacology.
Aspirin exerts its analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase and thus preventing the formation and release of prostaglandins. The elucidation by John Vane of the mechani...
Exendin-4 and GLP-1 decreases induced expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and RAGE in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) take part in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Hyperglycemia triggers an inflammatory response in the retina. These mechanisms may lead to an enhanced expression of adhesion...