CONTACTS BETWEEN THE UKRAINIAN CONSERVATIVES OF GALICIA AND THE GREAT UKRAINE IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract

Conservatism is an important part of the Ukrainian intellectual tradition. A separate page in the history of Ukrainian conservatism in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empire is the first quarter of the twentieth century. At that time, the conservatives faced a few new challenges, which threatened their traditional values. First of all, it’s about modern ideologies – nationalism and socialism, which led to revolutionary changes in the world. The comparison of contacts between the conservative figures of Galicia and the Great Ukraine allows tracing the common and different elements in reactions of Ukrainian conservatives to these challenges. There¬fore, the main idea of the article is, on the example of these contacts, to improve knowledge about Ukrainian conservatism of this time and to analyze how different socio-political conditions in the two empires influenced the ideological foundations of Ukrainian conservatives and the nature of contacts between them. Ukrainian conservatives from different sides of the Austrian-Russian border were not at the equal level of institutional development. In Galicia, there were well-defined political environments that during the early twentieth century were trying to create modern political parties – Russophiles and Christian-social movement. Also an important conservative institution – the Greek Catholic Church – had different institutional forms. On the other hand, in the Great Ukraine conservatism existed as individual ideas and practices, but not in forms of intellectual or political environments. Mainly such situation was a consequence of the political climate of the Russian Empire. As a result of different political and social situations in the Romanov and Habsburg empires, contacts between the Ukrainian conservatives from Galicia and the Great Ukraine had the character of personal inte-ractions. The best examples are the relationship between Oleksander Barvinsky and Oleksander Konysky or Vyacheslav Lypynsky, between Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky and Count Mykhailo Tyshkevych. The last examp¬le is important in the context of understanding not only common elements but also differences in Ukrai-nian conservatism. Mykhailo Tyshkevych’s Ukrainian identity during the early twentieth century was only forming on the basis of local patriotism. This process was completed closer to the beginning of the First World War. Instead, modern Ukrainian national identity already existed between Ukrainian conservatives in Galicia (except Russophiles). Analysis of contacts between the Ukrainian conservatives of Galicia and the Great Ukraine during the first quarter of the twentieth century shows, that, despite the differences in the social and political situation in the Habsburg and Romanov empires, they did not exist in complete isolation from each other. We cannot interpret these contacts as a full-fledged interaction or cooperation. The reason was that Ukrainian conser¬va-tism in Galicia during the first quarter of the XX century had ideological and organizational difficulties. And in the Great Ukraine it did not even reach the form of political environments or parties. In spite of this, the examples of contacts, analyzed in the article, show that even in frames of personal relationships common ele-ments of both parts of Ukrainian conservatism are noticeable. Similarities in the visions of problems can be traced in letters from Alexander Konysky and Vyacheslav Lypynsky to Oleksander Barvinsky. But the biggest number of common elements can be seen thanks to the ana-lysis of the Andrey Sheptytsky and Count Mykhailo Tyshkevych correspondence. It shows the similar conser¬va-tive vision of social issues and the same problem in relations between aristocracy and intelligentsia on both sides of the Austrian-Russian border. Contacts between the Ukrainian conservatives in Austria-Hungary and Russian Empire were important not only in the light of the exchange of ideas and experiences but also in the context of ideas about the Ukrainian nation. At the same time, the relationship between Oleksander Barvinsky and Vyacheslav Lypynsky can be considered as a symbolic transition from one era in the history of Ukrainian conservatism to another.

Authors and Affiliations

Roman LEKHNIUK

Keywords

Related Articles

IVAN FRANKO “SOMETHING ABOUT MYSELF” AS A NATIONAL REFERENCE GALICIAN REPRESENTATIVE INTELLIGENCE OF THE END OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF XX CENTURIES

In the article we characterize ideological and thematic contents, expressive means and linguistic peculiarities of the text of author’s preface of Ivan Franko to the edition in Polish 1895 “Something about Myself” that r...

UKRAINIAN AND POLISH NATIONALISM OF THE 20–30’s YEARS OF THE 20th CENTURY: THE BEGINNING OF THE CONFRONTATION

The article reveals the policy of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and Polish nationalist parties regarding the attitude to the national question in Poland in the 20’s and 30’s of the 20th century. The wo...

ACTIVITIES OF FISHING COMPANIES IN GALICIA IN 19th – EARLY 20th CENTURIES

It is illustrated the organization of the Provincial fishing company in Krakow, Lviv “Club of fishing sports”, “Society of fishing sports”, “Warsaw society of sports fishing associations”, “Society of sport fishing lover...

MYKOLА KUGUTYAK – 65th ANNIVERSARY

MYKOLА KUGUTYAK – 65th ANNIVERSARY

THE WORLD OF EASTERN GALICIA AND BUKOVINA

The article analyzes the book by Martin Pollack “To Galicia. About the Hasidim, Hutsuls, Poles and Rusyns. Imaginary journey to the missing world of Eastern Galicia and Bukovina”, which was published in Chernivtsi in 201...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP439770
  • DOI -
  • Views 107
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Roman LEKHNIUK (2017). CONTACTS BETWEEN THE UKRAINIAN CONSERVATIVES OF GALICIA AND THE GREAT UKRAINE IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. Науковий і культурно-просвітній краєзнавчий часопис Галичина, 29(), 350-357. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-439770