Cooperation and contradiction in motor abilities manifestation.<br /> Part II. Strength and endurance<br />
Journal Title: Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences - Year 2007, Vol 17, Issue 38
Abstract
Introduction. The results of research by Fidelus et al are complementary to the information given in part I concerning proportions of the muscle fibers FT and ST and their influence on individual’s motor predispositions. These authors found that the maximum growth of force moments occur in individuals having speed predispositions while the minimum growth is observed in individuals characterized by endurance predispositions. Studies referring to an impact of strength and endurance on motor abilities are closely connected with track-and-field multi-event disciplines which supply the most reliable data. Like the 100 m and 1500 m runs are identified with manifestation of speed and endurance, the strength and speed abilities reflect themselves in the shot put. Some difficulties in studying the contradictions between these motor abilities are caused by different biomechanical structure of run and shot put. Mutual influence of different events both in positive and negative sense are seemed as being particular feature of the multi-events sport. They concern the development of motor abilities as well as the elements of technique. Purpose. The study is aimed to determine the factors which influence the effects of cooperation and contradiction which appear in field-and track multi-events depending on strength and endurance. Additionally an attempt was made to establish the threshold of endurance work in preparation for 1500 m run.Material and methods. The analyzed material comprised two sets of data. The first consisted the somatic features and sport results of 100 competitors from the all-time rank list in decathlon. The second included the body build features and results of field-and-track test in 120 group of first year students in University of Physical Education in Wrocław. An analysis of results of events identified with the strength and endurance, i.e. shot put and 1500 m run, supplemented with the body build data and the sum of points was made at first. In statisticalanalysis mean values and coefficients of correlation in whole sets as well as in 30- and 10-person groups withdifferent sport level. In next stage of study the five indices enabling determination of the endurance work threshold were formed from the three antagonistic events, namely 100 m and 1500 m runs and shot put. Results. In the group of world top competitors no statistically significant correlations were found. However in student groups surprisingly high values of correlation coefficients showing the contradictions between analyzed events were noted. In 10-persons groups which are extreme with regard to the results there are great differences of somatic build between students while in decathlon competitors such differences concerning the body height and mass don’t exist at all or are very small. It allows to assume that antagonism in students has rather the structural than the functional character. Considerably greater diversity of the somatic features and sport results in students caused higher correlation in these groups. The common analysis of indices values allows to outline the limits of growth of motor abilities in decathlon competitors.Conclusions. In planning and realization of training programs given limits in the motor ability growth, especially endurance, have to be maintained in a fitness preparation. To secure the equal participation of two or more features in evaluation of some phenomenon such transformation of them should be done that the relevant coefficients of variability gain the same value.
Authors and Affiliations
Adam Haleczko , Leszek Korzewa , Ewa Misiołek , Urszula Włodarczyk
Keywords
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