Coreceptor Usage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains in Ibadan, Nigeria
Journal Title: International STD Research & Reviews - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate HIV-1 Coreceptor usage in Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan from January 2004 to December 2006. Methodology: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of 85 (42 males, 43 females; age range 18-58 years) consenting HIV-1 infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve individuals presenting at a voluntary counseling and testing centre. The env C2-V3 region of HIV-1 proviral DNA was amplified by nested PCR, successfully sequenced, manually edited and evolutionary relationships determined by maximum likelihood using MEGA 5.03R from 64 of the blood samples of the HIV-1 infected patients. HIV-1 coreceptor usage was predicted based on genotypic analysis of HIV-1 env V3 loop sequences. Results: Phylogenetic analysis showed HIV-1 subtypes A, G, CRF02_AG, CRF06_cpx, and CRF35_AD among the study participants The V3 loop region of the viruseshad amino acid sequence conservation in the base positions 1-8 and 26-35 and tip regions and sequence variability, including mutations and deletions at positions 9-25. Most (76.6%) of the sequences had the GPGQ crown motif while the GPGQ/L/R/K substitution was observed in 18.8%. The number of N-linked glycosylation sites ranged from 0 to 4 per env C2-V3 amino acid sequence with only 37.5% of the sequences having all 4 N-linked glycosylation sites. Predicted frequencies for CCR5 and CXCR4 genotypes were 31.2% and 68.8%, respectively, while 10% of the CCR5-tropic viruses showed Maraviroc-associated resistant mutations. Conclusion: CXCR4-tropic viruses predominate among the studied population irrespective of HIV-1 subtype and and it is associated with multiple amino acid deletions and mutations in V3 and the loss of one or more N-linked glycosylation sites. This data suggest the need for further studies involving a larger sample size prior to introduction of coreceptor inhibitors like Maraviroc for management of HIV infection in Nigeria.
Authors and Affiliations
D. O. Olaleye, E. Donbraye, G. N. Odaibo
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP242826
- DOI 10.9734/ISRR/2015/16131
- Views 130
- Downloads 0
The Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and Associated Risk Factors among Undergraduate Female Students of Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible disease (STD) among women of reproductive age worldwide. Aims: To determine the prevalence rate and associated risk factors o...
Lime Juice Induces Ovarian Follicle Degeneration and Reduces Serum Gonadotrophin Level in Rats Model
Background: Lime juice possesses antimicrobial and anti-proliferative property and caused reduced sperm motility in animals. This study aimed at investigating the anti-proliferative effect of lime juice on the ovarian co...
Factors Determining the Use of Condoms at the Onset of Pre-marital Sexual Relationships among Never Married Youths in Zambia
An emerging public health concern is the high risk of sexual behaviour among youths with increasing number of sexually active youths in developing countries engaging in premarital sex, more especially in sub-Saharan Afri...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Associated with Women Who Have Sex with Women
Aims: The aim of this work is to present the findings of various studies relevant to the incidence of sexually transmitted disease (STD) among women who have sex with women (WSW). This being an important issue when consi...
Burden of Gonorrhea and Trends in Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoea in Bhutan Over Four Years (2012-15)
Introduction: Gonorrhea is a worldwide public health problem. In Bhutan, the incidence of sexually transmitted infections increased from 12/10,000 in 2011 to 92/10,000 population in 2015. Disease burden and antibiotic re...