Coronary artery disease in young age as the effect of cooperation between genetic and environmental factors
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2010, Vol 23, Issue 12
Abstract
Myocardial infarction in young age is a growing medical and social problem in last decades. The explanation of the genetic background of this phenomenon remains still a serious challenge.Several single nucleotide polimorphisms realted to the risk of coronary artery disease development as polimorphisms in LDL receptor, cholesterol ester transfer protein CETP or factor V Leiden genes have been identified in many studies.Association studies focusing on the searching of genetic loci associated with the incidence of coronary artery disease, indicate the 9p21 locus as the most important in this process. A variant at chromosome 9p21 is thought to be an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease in young age with odds ratio level close to BMI and hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, there is a correlation between polymorphism in this loci and the severity of changes in coronary arteries in young age as well as prognosis after acute coronary syndrome.The other chromosomal loci variants, as 1p13.3 and 6p24, are involved in the coronary artery disease risk incidence by leading to the development of other disorders related to the atherothrombosis, as hyperlipidemia. Moreover, some identified genetic polimorphisms (for example: within peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha PPARalfa or nicotine receptor CHRN3genes) modify the influence of environmental factors, as physical activity intensivity or tobacco smoking, on the coronary artery disease.Thus, a cooperation between different risk factors as well as the influence of the genetic ground on the environmental factors seem to be crucial for the development of coronary artery disease in young age.
Authors and Affiliations
Michał Ambroziak, Andrzej Budaj
Keywords
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