Current Leprosy Scenario at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Uttarakhand
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Despite elimination, Leprosy continues to be a major public health problem in India. According to World Health Organisation’s (WHO) data for year 2014, Indian contribution for global leprosy is more than 60%. Moreover, grade 2 disabilities have shown an increasing trend and childhood cases have not declined appreciably. It was in this background that we planned to study the Leprosy scenario at our tertiary healthcare center in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Dehradun. Uttarakhand, a tertiary care hospital and referral center for Garhwal region of Uttarkhand and adjoining areas of western Uttar Pradesh (UP). Clinical records of all patients, attending leprosy clinic, for a period of five years, from January 2011 to December 2015, were studied and data regarding demographic details, clinical features at presentation, complications and treatment given was analyzed. Results: A total of 238 new cases of leprosy formed the study subjects. There was a male predominance with M:F ratio of 3.7:1. Commonest age group affected was 17-40 years with 54.6% cases. Children (<16 Years) were 2.1%. Majority (65.5%) patients were from UP. Borderline spectrum with 68.9% patients dominated clinical picture. Borderline tuberculoid (BT) was the commonest clinical type with 39.5% cases. Lepra reaction was present in 34.4% cases. WHO grade 2 deformities were present in 8.8% cases. Claw hand was the commonest (4.2%) paralytic deformity at presentation. There was a gradual decline in number of new cases seen over the five year period of study. MB leprosy was present in 81.9% cases. Conclusion: Our study showed a steady decline in the number of new cases of Leprosy over the period of five years. Proportion of childhood new cases of leprosy was also less compared to national average. However, high percentage of MB cases, Lepra reactions and grate 2 disabilities, in new cases of Leprosy, was a cause for concern and highlighted more vigorous and active search in uncovering the hidden cases.
Authors and Affiliations
Shiv Darshan Singh Rawat, Ena Jain, Nancy Bhardwaj
Keywords
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