Cytotoxic T cells and Cancer Therapy
Journal Title: Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 0
Abstract
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL, Tc) is a type of T lymphocyte/ white blood cell involved in the host’s cell-mediated immune response against cancerous cells, abnormal cells and cells infected with viruses. Signals from infected cells or cancer cells lead to the release of cytotoxins: perforin, granzymes, and granulysin by the TC cells. The activation of CTLs is mediated by the interaction of various co-stimulatory molecules as well as immune cells. Pre-eminent role of CTLs in combating cancer can be effectively applied for the active and passive immunotherapeutic approaches. Various recombinant cytokines viz., interleukins (IL)-2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15; tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been found to augment the production of CTL. CTLs can also be stimulated in antigen specific manner through tumor antigens which are the molecular derivatives over expressed in tumorcells due to differentiation, point mutations or viral origin. Designing and development of vaccines based on such immunogenic candidates can be executed and in majority of cases such antigens are targets for CTLs. Identification as chemotherapy and CTL-mediated killing. and validation of these CTL-specific antigens require monitoring that can be done by various new techniques including enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT); tetramer analysis, proteomic analysis and detection of cytokine intracellularly. Role of CTLs in various types of cancer including lung cancer; virus-induced lymphoproliferative disease as well as cervical cancer; gastrointestinal cancer have been discussed vividly. In the present review, role and applications of CTLs in cancer therapy has been described with a special attention on focusing the genetic approaches foe adoptive CTL therapy as well
Authors and Affiliations
Sandip Chakraborty, Shyma K Latheef, Ashok Munjal, Ruchi Tiwari, Hari Abdul Samad, Kumaragurubaran Karthik, Rekha Khandia, Kuldeep Dhama
Keywords
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- EP ID EP428104
- DOI 10.18006/2017.5(4).412.427
- Views 46
- Downloads 0
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