Detection of Thalassemia trait amongst persons deferred for blood donation at a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan, India.
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 9
Abstract
Background: Thalassemia has been observed as major burden over health services as well as the society, as these patients require regular and repeated blood transfusions to maintain oxygenation of their tissues and keep the erythropoiesis suppressed. Carriers of beta thalassemia trait can have varying degree of anemia. Some of them have no symptoms and therefore can be detected only in a population survey or as a part of family study if other members are symptomatic or have thalassemia major. Subjects and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at Department of Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sardar Patel Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner (Rajasthan), among deferred Blood donors at Blood Bank and out-door voluntary blood donation camps during the period of May 2017 to June 2017. The study was based on the Blood donor selection criteria laid down by the Drug and Cosmetic Act and Rules of India. Criteria laid down by director general Health Services, New Delhi and Drug’s Controller of India were strictly followed. All the persons which were deferred were further studied.Haemoglobin estimation was perfomed on all reported blood donors. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA tube from the persons who were deferred and tested for complete blood count by using fully automated haematology analyzer. A peripheral blood smear was prepared and stained by Leishman stain and observed microscopically for red cell morphology. Confirmatory test was done on HPLC Shimadzu LC-2010C HT. The data were filled up in a specially designed proforma for the study and transformed into a master chart which was then subjected to analysis. Results: Total 5227 pre donation screening interviews were conducted. Total number of deferrals due to various reasons were 940 giving an overall incidence of 18%. Most common cause for deferral was low Haemoglobin 526(55.96%), second most cause was low body weight 97(10.32%). Out of 940 deferred donors 71 were positive for β Thalassemia Trait. Distribution of thalassemia trait was 7.55% among deferred blood donors and equally distributed in both gender. High prevalence of β thalassemia trait was detected in Muslim community in comparision to Hindu and other religious group. This is because of endogamy and consanguineous marriages are still important feature of our population. Conclusion: Present study proved that prevalence of β thalassemia trait among deferred donor is high, which is more prevalent in microcytic hypochromic donors. All efforts should be made to reduce the burden of genetic disorder which can be preventable through screening process and genetic councelling.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Sonam Alha
Keywords
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