DEVELOPMENT OF PIG BREEDING IN UKRAINE
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України. Серія : Технологія виробництва і переробки продукції тваринництва - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 271
Abstract
The pork industry, whose demand for meat products is about 35%, is a significant share in the formation of food security of the population. The reduction of the number of small producers of pork strengthens the position of high-tech enterprises. Therefore, the issue of the development of pig breeding in modern conditions is urgent and needs to be studied in depth. To study the current state of development of pig breeding in the area of dynamics of pig population and their productivity by category of farms, as well as to generalize the current conditions of development of the industry in a threatening epizootic state. Methods for synthesis, analysis and comparison were used to conduct research. The increase in production in the pig industry is achieved through the introduction of scientifically sound and energy-saving technologies, as well as the modernization of equipment at pig breeding enterprises. The current state of the economy of Ukraine involves conducting entrepreneurial activity on the basis of the implementation of legal acts to international standards of quality and safety of food products that provide for a humane attitude and ensure the comfort of animals in order to fully reveal their biological potential. The average live weight of pigs grown by households in 2017 was 133 kg. A common feature for industrial pig farms and households is an increase in production efficiency, namely an increase in the yield of viable piglets from the sow by 28.16 %. This tendency has increased the production of pork per sow to 39.6 %. The main reason for the impact on the increase in pork production in Ukraine is the increase in production costs. The achievement of the desired economic result is possible only with the interaction of the factors of feeding, maintenance and implementation of the genetic potential of the animal. The average growth rate of young animals for fattening pigs in Ukraine in 2017 amounted to 481 g. The average growth rates of high-tech pig farms during the fattening period are 650-750 g. The achievement of the live weight of young 100-105 kg in industrial pig farms is 165-170 days. The positive result of growing pigs by 70 % depends on the established technology of production and conversion of feed, which is 2.8-3.0 kg per 1 kg of growth. The cost of pork production in Ukraine in 2017 is an average of 39-40 UAH / kg, and the average selling price of young pigs for slaughter is 47 UAH / kg. Prospects for further research will be directed to the study of the development of the pig industry in conditions of industrialization in order to prevent ACE from entering industrial facilities for the production and processing of pig products.
Authors and Affiliations
N. P. Hryshchenco
Keywords
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