Diagnosis, treatment and full-process surveillance of early rectal cancer

Journal Title: Journal of Surgery : Concepts & Practice - Year 2024, Vol 29, Issue 3

Abstract

Early rectal cancer is defined as any size of rectal epithelial tumor with infiltration depth limited to the mucosa and submucosa, regardless of with or without lymph node metastasis. Local resection is one of the main treatment methods for early rectal cancer without local lymph node metastasis. The development of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), and transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) has brought more options for the treatment of early rectal cancer. About 8%-12% of early rectal cancer patients have local lymph node metastasis and therefore still require total mesorectal excision (TME). The current guidelines recommend that early rectal cancer with high-risk pathological features requires additional salvage radical surgery. Various minimally invasive and anal sphincter-preserving surgical techniques, such as natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES), transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME), intersphincteric resection (ISR), and conformal sphincter-preserving operation (CSPO), have better achieved the goal of anal sphincter preservation and anal function preservation. The overall prognosis of early rectal cancer is good, but full-process surveillance is equally important. With the innovation of early diagnosis, early treatment and full-process surveillance, the development of endoscopic and surgical techniques will further improve the standardization of diagnosis and treatment for early rectal cancer.

Authors and Affiliations

Ping LAN, Yongle CHEN, Xiaosheng HE

Keywords

Related Articles

Relationship between serum PD-L1 levels and prognosis of gastric cancer patients

[Objective] To analyze the serum PD-L1 levels of gastric cancer patients and its relationship with tumor stage and prognosis. [Methods] Serum of sixty patients with pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer in our hospita...

Risk factors of severe postoperative complications in elderly patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy

[Objective] To investigate the risk factors of severe complications of elderly patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). [Methods] The clinical data of 399 elderly patients with PD and 65 years or more (65-91years) inc...

Viscoelastic hemostasis assay guided diagnosis and treatment of trauma-induced coagulopathy

The diagnosis and treatment of trauma-induced coagulopathy is an important part of the treatment of severe trauma patients. Trauma-induced coagulopathy has two phenotypes: hypercoagulability and hypocoagulability. The ph...

Systemic therapy alters the landscape of surgery in hepatocellular carcinomaļ¼š opportunities and challenges

Surgery is still the first choice for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). However, about 70% of HCC patients in China are first diagnosed in the advanced stage and have lost the opportunity for surgery. Recently...

<![CDATA[Optimal timing of surgery for locally advance rectal cancer: how we choose]]>

<![CDATA[Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is associated with a high risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis, making it difficult to be cured by surgery alone. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surger...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP750964
  • DOI 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2024.03.03
  • Views 10
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Ping LAN, Yongle CHEN, Xiaosheng HE (2024). Diagnosis, treatment and full-process surveillance of early rectal cancer. Journal of Surgery : Concepts & Practice, 29(3), -. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-750964