DIETARY INTAKE AND BODY COMPOSITION FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL GIRLS IN THE MAKKAH PROVINCE OF SAUDI ARABIA
Journal Title: ASIAN JOURNAL OF NATURAL & APPLIED SCIENCES - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition can pose a problem for primary schoolchildren that are entering puberty. Inappropriate food intake can be manifested as stunting, wasting, undernourishment, or obesity. Objective: To evaluate body composition and dietary intake for schoolgirls living in the Saudi Arabia. Patients: A cross-sectional. study was conducted on 300 randomly selected primary schoolgirls aged 6-12 years living in Makkah Province. Design The children were divided into two age groups for comparison. Settings: Demographic information was collected through a questionnaire. Main Outcome Measures Dietary assessments were conducted using 24-hr recall. Subjects height, weight, waist circumference, and body composition were measured using anthropometric methods to determine the body mass index (BMI) z-score and body composition values were evaluated by bioelectrical impedance. Results: The ≤ 8-years-old had: i) higher mean body fat%; ii) significantly (P<0.01) lower mean of lean and dry lean body (kg) and body fluid (liter); and iii) significantly smaller (P<0.001) mean waist, hip, and mid-upper arm circumferences. Both groups were mostly overweight (> -1 SD). The majority had normal BMI-for-age Z-score (-2 to 1 SD). Older girls (> 8-years-old) had lower than average intake (AI) for calorie, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium. As for vitamins, folic acid for both groups was markedly less than the AI. In contrast, all students met AI for vitamins A, B1, B2 and B3. Conclusion: Calories, phosphorous, magnesium, iron, sodium, and folic acid intakes were lower than AI for girls in both groups. Differences in body composition found in the two groups. Limitations Deficit assessment of population Intake of micronutrients at this risk age.
Authors and Affiliations
Eslam A. Header, Hassan M. Bukhari, Abdullah G. Al-Kushi, Naser A. ElSawy
Keywords
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