Domestic Violence against Children: Nature, Reason and Some Solutions for Its Treatment in the Light of Legal Attempts
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2008, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
International and national documents consider family as the fundamental social institute and the natural base of growth and development of the personality of children. On the basis of this principle and according to the religious teachings and local traditions and customs, the positive laws consider family as a strong sanctuary. The governments are not much inclined to extend the field of their supervision to the inner perimeters of family. The judicial procedures too more or less follow the same pattern. On the other hand, the studies conducted in different parts of the world indicate that child abuse in the family occurs by the parents, legal custodians and the close relatives of the children and adolescents. Overemphasis on the sanctity of family and weak incentive of the families in interfering in the perimeters of family have landed the children and adolescents in an undesirable situation. The present paper is an attempt to define violence against children and introduce its various kinds. Then attempts have been made to discuss the reasons for child abuse in the family. The principles of the convention on the child’s rights (CRC) for protection of the children against violence as well as Iranian laws have been taken into consideration in this study. Also the media, religion, and the social functions of the religious leaders and their role in campaign against domestic violence against children have been also discussed. چکیده اسناد بین المللی و ملی، خانواده را رکن اساسی اجتماع و جایگاه طبیعی رشد و شکوفایی شخصیت کودکان شمرده‌اند. بر این اساس و همسو با آموزه‌های دینی و آداب و رسوم محلی، قوانین موضوعه برای خانواده حریم مستحکمی قائل شده‌اند و دولت‌ها نیز کمتر مایلند نظارت و حوزه رفتار خود را به درون خانواده تسری دهند. رویه‌های قضایی نیز عموماً بر همین روال است. از سوی دیگر مطابق پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته در نقاط مختلف جهان، بخش قابل توجهی از کودک آزاری‌ها در محیط خانواده و توسط والدین، سرپرستان قانونی و نزدیکان کودکان و نوجوانان انجام می شود. تأکید افراط گرایانه بر تقدس خانواده و انگیزه کم دولت‌ها نسبت به دخالت در حریم خانواده، سبب شده است تا بسیاری از کودکان و نوجوانان در شرایط نامناسبی قرار گیرند. این نوشتار، نخست تعریفی از خشونت علیه کودکان ارائه می‌کند و انواع آن را به طور مختصر معرفی می‌نماید. سپس به علل کودک‌آزاری خانگی، اصول و معیارهای پیمان‌نامه حقوق کودک برای حمایت از کودکان در برابر خشونت و همچنین قوانین ایران در ارتباط با این موضوع می‌پردازد. با توجه به تأثیر گسترده و عمیق رسانه‌های گروهی، همچنین مذاهب و کارکردهای اجتماعی رهبران دینی در بسیاری جوامع، مقاله به نقش آنان در مقابله با خشونت خانگی علیه کودکان نیز خواهد پرداخت.
Authors and Affiliations
Seyed Masoud Noori
Keywords
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