Drug-resistance Patterns in Malaria: A Randomized Control Trial
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 5
Abstract
ntroduction: Malaria is a life-threatening protozoan disease caused by the infection of erythrocytes with four species of protozoan organisms of genus Plasmodium namely Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale. It is transmitted by bite of female Anopheles mosquito (vector of illness). P. falciparum causes the most serious form of malaria with high mortality if detected late with complications as compared to other species. Materials and Methods: Randomized control trial of 120 patients divided into 2 groups of 60 suffering from uncomplicated P. vivax malaria and 60 suffering from uncomplicated P. falciparum or mixed malaria (P. vivax + P. falciparum). Each group further subdivided into 3 subgroups of 20 with each group on different drug combination therapy of artesunate + doxycycline, quinine + doxycycline, and chloroquine + doxycycline. Result: The results revealed that participants in both groups had male preponderance and spread out in various age groups with most clinical features resembling each other except for more symptoms and signs in Group B such as headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, and tenderness with pallor and thrombocytopenia as compared to Group A which reversed after successful trial of drug combinations. There was an early disappearance of fever and parasitic index in patients of P.vivax, that is, Group A as compared to those of uncomplicated falciparum or mixed malaria, that is, Group B. Conclusion: Patients of uncomplicated P. vivax malaria responded well to use of chloroquine, although larger studies should be done to know if chloroquine alone is effective or not against vivax infection. Artesunate should have limited use in uncomplicated vivax infection to prevent resistance. Patients of uncomplicated falciparum or mixed malaria respond poorly to chloroquine. Artesunate followed by quinine are most effective drugs in uncomplicated falciparum and mixed malaria.
Authors and Affiliations
Varun Shetty, H R Jain, G S Singh, S Parekh
Keywords
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