Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Umbilical Cord Morphology: A Comparative Study
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2019, Vol 13, Issue 7
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has great effects on umbilical cord gross morphology. Antenatal detection of altered morphology would be helpful to identify the impact of GDM on umbilical cord to reduce fetomaternal complications. Aim: To assess and compare the morphological features of umbilical cord among gestational diabetic and normal subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, PK Das Institute of Medical Sciences Palakkad, Kerala, India. The subjects included in this present study were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of normal non-diabetic pregnant women (n=52) and group II consisted of mothers with GDM (n=59). A total of 111 placentas along with the umbilical cord were collected and morphological parameters of umbilical cord such as length, diameter, circumference, coiling index, insertion, knots and number of vessels were noted. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using the statistical software SPSS version 23.0. Results: Mean diameter (1.303±0.1884) and circumference (4.073±0.595) were found more in GDM mothers than normal (1.163±0.1815 and 3.648±0.5952) which was statistically significant (p-value 0.0001). No significant changes were observed in length, coiling index, mode of insertion and false knots among GDM and normal. The number of umbilical cord vessels was same in both the groups and true knots were absent. Conclusion: Knowledge about the variation in the morphometric measurements of umbilical cord is important for the early detection of the maternal complications and to prevent the adverse fetal outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Seema Valsalan Ennazhiyil, PK Ramakrishnan, VR Akshara, KS Premlal, S Chitra, W Benjamin, Saranyaaranya Nagalingam
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP607050
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2019/40085.12543
- Views 119
- Downloads 0
Autoimmune Pancreatitis Type 2: Disentangling a Rare Entity of Obstructive Jaundice
ABSTRACT Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP) can be a clinical challenge in diagnosis and treatment. It often presents with painless obstructive jaundice, which mimics pancreatic cancer. Surgical treatment is not recommended i...
Primary Sclerosing Lipogranuloma: A Rare Cause of Scrotal Mass
Abstract Sclerosing Lipogranuloma (SLG) is a rare disease that affects many organs, with male genitourinary system being the most common site. It is a benign disease which occurs due to a granulomatous reaction of fatty...
Large Ulcerated Oral Focal Mucinosis: A Rare Case Report
Images in Medicine
CAD/CAM Prosthetic Options in Rehabilitation of Compromised Ridges with Implants: A Scoping Review
ABSTRACT Introduction: Ridges compromised by tumour resection, trauma and severe atrophy are clinically challenging in prosthetic rehabilitation, predominantly owing to increased crown height space that acts as a stress...
Early Stage Oral Submucous Fibrosis is Characterized by Increased Vascularity as Opposed to Advanced Stages
Introduction: The degree of vascularity of the diseased mucosa in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) has always been a matter of debate with conflicting results. Knowledge of this aspect is important to understand pathogenes...