Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Umbilical Cord Morphology: A Comparative Study
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2019, Vol 13, Issue 7
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has great effects on umbilical cord gross morphology. Antenatal detection of altered morphology would be helpful to identify the impact of GDM on umbilical cord to reduce fetomaternal complications. Aim: To assess and compare the morphological features of umbilical cord among gestational diabetic and normal subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, PK Das Institute of Medical Sciences Palakkad, Kerala, India. The subjects included in this present study were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of normal non-diabetic pregnant women (n=52) and group II consisted of mothers with GDM (n=59). A total of 111 placentas along with the umbilical cord were collected and morphological parameters of umbilical cord such as length, diameter, circumference, coiling index, insertion, knots and number of vessels were noted. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using the statistical software SPSS version 23.0. Results: Mean diameter (1.303±0.1884) and circumference (4.073±0.595) were found more in GDM mothers than normal (1.163±0.1815 and 3.648±0.5952) which was statistically significant (p-value 0.0001). No significant changes were observed in length, coiling index, mode of insertion and false knots among GDM and normal. The number of umbilical cord vessels was same in both the groups and true knots were absent. Conclusion: Knowledge about the variation in the morphometric measurements of umbilical cord is important for the early detection of the maternal complications and to prevent the adverse fetal outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Seema Valsalan Ennazhiyil, PK Ramakrishnan, VR Akshara, KS Premlal, S Chitra, W Benjamin, Saranyaaranya Nagalingam
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP607050
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2019/40085.12543
- Views 106
- Downloads 0
Evaluation of Analgesic Activity of Extracts of Delphinium denudatum in Animal Models: A Dose-dependent Pre-clinical Trial
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pain is a common symptom of majority of clinical disorders which brings patients to a physician. Many traditional medicines have been introduced for relieving the pain and one such herb, Delphinium...
Group B Streptococcus: An Unusual Cause for Urinary Tract Infection
Letter to Editor
Functional Recovery after Stroke: Role of Irrational Beliefs
ABSTRACT Introduction: Stroke is a disabling condition that affects the physical as well as cognitive areas of functioning. Recovery from a stroke can be interrupted by many factors including psychological. Our beliefs p...
Pleiotropic Effects of Losartan in Hypertensive Patients with Dyslipidemia
Introduction: In essential hypertension, the comorbidity of dyslipidemia is very common. In addition to hypertension, dyslipidemia is linked to cardiovascular disease, stroke and decline in renal function. Unlike other a...
Effects of Continuous Care Model on Blood Pressure in Patients with Type II Diabetes
ABSTRACT Introduction: One of the main problems encountered by type II diabetes patients is high Blood Pressure (BP). Continuous care is the standard process of making effective, mutual, and continuous relationships betw...