Effects of removal time and Canary grass density on wheat yield and yield components
Journal Title: International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 7
Abstract
An experiment was conducted in the split plot format using the randomized complete block design in three replications in Babol city Mazandaran province, Iran in the cropping year of 2011-2012. The two factors studied were removal time of canary grass (at wheat germination or 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 weeks later, and competition between wheat and weed plants until harvest time of wheat) and the density of the population of canary grass (0, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 plants/m2). Wheat and canary grass seeds germinated at the same time. The evaluated characters included stem height, number of fertile tillers per square meter, number of seeds per spike, number of seeds per square meter, 1000- seed weight, seed yield, dry weight of stubble, and harvest index. Results of analysis of the variance showed that the effects of various treatments on all the studied characters were significant at the 99 percent level. The largest 1000-seed weight was that of the A1 treatment (removal of canary grass at germination of wheat seeds), and the 1000-seed weight and the seed yield of the treatment of weed removal 4 weeks after germination of wheat seeds came in second at 46.75 grams and 6980 kg.h, respectively. The maximum numbers of fertile tillers, of seeds/m2, and of seeds per spike were obtained in the treatment of removing canary grass at germination of wheat seeds, and the minimum numbers of the mentioned characters were observed in the treatment of weed competition with wheat until wheat harvest time. The differences in the dry weights of stubble and in the harvest indices of all the treatments (except those of removal of the canary grass 4 and 8 weeks after germination of wheat seeds) were significantly lower than those of the A1 treatment. The largest seed yield, after that of the control treatment at 5960 kg.h, was that of the treatment with 20 canary grass plants/m2. Differences in the seed yields of the other treatments were not significant. The reductions in the 1000-seed weights of the treatments of 40 and more canary grass plants/m2 compared to the control treatment were significant, while differences in the dry weights of the stubble in the various density treatments were not. In this study, the time of removal of canary grass was more important than the density of its population with respect to negatively affecting seed yield.
Authors and Affiliations
Hossein Noshadian, Nasser Ramazanian Azizi, Esmaeil Yasari, Arash Kakularimi
Keywords
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