ELECTROMAGNETIC POLLUTION OF NEAR-EARTH SPACE BY POWER LINE EMISSION
Journal Title: Solar-Terrestrial Physics - Year 2021, Vol 7, Issue 3
Abstract
We present an overview, based on satellite observations at low Earth orbits, on electromagnetic radiation from ground power transmission lines at an industrial frequency 50–60 Hz. Particular attention has been given to Chibis-M and DEMETER satellite observations. The electric 40-cm antenna of the micro-satellite often recorded 50–60 Hz radiation (known as Power Line Emission (PLE)) when it flew over industrialized areas of the planet. The PLE spectral amplitude varied from 1.2 to 18 (μV/m)/Hz0.5, which corresponds to the electric field amplitude E~1 μV/m. We report results of numerical calculations of the electromagnetic response of the atmosphere and ionosphere to a large-scale surface emitter at a frequency of 50 Hz. According to simulation results, PLE with an intensity of ~1 μV/m observed on satellites in the nightside ionosphere at midlatitudes can be excited by an unbalanced current 8–10 A in a power transmission line above the earth's crust with conductivity of 10–3 S/m. At middle and low latitudes with an inclined geomagnetic field, the maximum response in the upper ionosphere to the transmission line radiation should be seen shifted equatorward, although this shift is less than that upon guidance by the geomagnetic field. The maximum amplitude of the electromagnetic response of the ionosphere to the power transmission line emission decreases for an inclined geomagnetic field, but insignificantly. To date, the PLE intensity in near-Earth space has turned out to be higher than the intensity of natural radiation in this range (Schumann resonances and ion whistlers), and continues to grow with the technological development of mankind.
Authors and Affiliations
Pilipenko V. A. , Fedorov E. N. , Mazur N. G. , Klimov S. I.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP697563
- DOI 10.12737/stp-73202107
- Views 141
- Downloads 0
SECOND-ORDER PERTURBATIONS IN ALFVÉN WAVES IN COLD PLASMA APPROXIMATION
The second-order amplitude perturbations driven by Alfvén waves are studied. Equations for such second-order perturbations are derived and their solutions are found. The second-order perturbations are shown to be generat...
Semi-empirical method of studying the D-layer aeronomy. II. Evidence-based calibration of the method
This paper presents the results of evidence-based calibration of a new semi-empirical method for studying the D-layer aeronomy. We use simultaneous measurements of altitude profiles of electron density Ne(h) and ionizati...
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF K CA II LINE PROFILE SHAPES IN DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE. II. DETERMINATION TECHNIQUE AND CORRELATION RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE K CA II LINE PARAMETERS FOR K₁ AND K₂ FEATURES
We have studied two regions located at the base of a coronal hole. For the K₁ intensity minima and K₂ peaks, which form between the upper photosphere and the lower chromosphere and in the lower chromosphere respectively,...
MONITORING OF MAGNETOSPHERIC PARAMETERS BASED ON COSMIC RAY EFFECTS IN AUGUST 2018
Using data (uncorrected for the temperature effect) from the global network of neutron monitors (GNNM), along with data from the Yakutsk muon telescope complex and the muon hodoscope URAGAN (Moscow), we have applied a mo...
DIAMAGNETIC STRUCTURES AS A BASIS OF QUASI-STATIONARY SLOW SOLAR WIND
The results presented in this review reflect the fundamentals of the modern understanding of the nature of the structure of the slow solar wind (SW) along the entire length from the Sun to the Earth's orbit. It is known...