Environmental biological hazards for pregnant women – occurrence and prophylaxis
Journal Title: Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu - Year 2011, Vol 17, Issue 1
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes and Borrelia burgdorferi are among important environmental biological hazards for pregnant women and their babies.Toxoplasmosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. The data by the World Health Organization indicate that T. gondii infection concerns approximately 1/3 of the world population. Infection with T. gondii is prevalent worldwide, among humans and animals (rats, dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, hens, swine). In the human population, the frequency of infection ranges from 5-90%, according to the climate, mode of nutrition, and sanitary-epidemiological conditions.Listeriosis is a disease caused by infection with omnipresent Gram-negative rod Listeria monocytogenes (causing hemolysis), pathogenic for many animal species. Most often, symptomatic listerioris occurs in foetuses (disseminated neonatal form of liste- riosis), in infants and patients with decreased immunity.Borreliosis occurs worldwide. Infection is due to being bitten by a tick of the Ixodes species, infected with pathogenic spiro- chetes.The article presents the epidemiology of the above-mentioned infections, including primarily the sources of infection and the potential negative effects of infection among pregnant women, feotuses and babies. Adequate sanitary-hygienic behaviours are discussed allowing the prevention of these infections, because in all the infections discussed prophylaxis is the most efficient, aimed at prevention of the occurrence of infection.
Authors and Affiliations
Iwona Bojar, Alfred Owoc
Keywords
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