Epidemiology and microbiologic diagnostics of invasive fungal disease
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2015, Vol 28, Issue 6
Abstract
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is the organ deep infection of fungal etiology, developing usually in patients with immunosuppression. The most frequent microbiological types of IFD are candidiasis, aspergillosis and non-Aspergillus mycelial fungi (NAMF) including mucormycosis, fusariosis and scedosporiosis. The etiology and epidemiology of IFD in patients with hemato-ooncology diseases and undergoing stem cell transplantation are shown in this review. The common risk factor of IFD are: neutropenia, therapy with steroids, graft versus host disease, central venous catheter, bacterial infections, use of antibiotics, inadequate prophylaxis, CMV infection, mucosal colonisation, or construction works. Recent data indicate that incidence of IFD among adults patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is 22-28%, including 60% of aspergillosis. The most frequent etiologic factors are Aspergillus fumigates and Candida glabrata, however significant increase in mucormycoses incidence is being observed. IFD is very important cause of mortality in patients with hematological malignancy: aspergillosis (in 19% of cases), candidiasis (9%), mucormycosis and fusariosis (5%). Current principles of diagnostics of the most frequent etiological factors in IFD are also shown in this review, based on: microbiological and serological (including antigen and antibodies testing for mannan and antymannan (Candida), galactomannan (Aspergillus), 1,3-beta-D-glucan (Candida/Aspergillus), enolase (differentiating colonization from invasion)) diagnostics, testing of presence of metabolites, imaging, histopathology examination, molecular assays, and mass spectrography. Recommendations for diagnostic process in the most frequent microbiological types of IFD including candidiasis, aspergillosis and mucormycosis are presented.
Authors and Affiliations
Danuta Dzierżanowska, Lidia Gil, Beata Jakubas, Sławomira Kyrcz-Krzemień, Jan Styczyński
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP55071
- DOI -
- Views 174
- Downloads 0
Inheritance and genetic of human malignancies.
Human cancers are caused by genetic and environmental factors. Genetic susceptibility can be divided into monogenic and polygenic predisposition; the risk of cancer development can be defined as “high” or “moderate”. It...
Genetyka kliniczna nowotworów nerek
Wśród nowotworów nerki można wyodrębnić 2 główne grupy:1. Guz Wilmsa – nephroblastoma.2. Raki nerki – adenocarcinoma (carcinoma clarocellulare, carcinoma papillare, colecting duct carcinoma, chromophobic cell carcinoma),...
Błony, oporna na detergenty frakcja błon i tratwy lipidowe
W ciągu ostatnich 85 lat znajomość budowy błon komórkowych ewoluowała od dwuwarstwy lipidowej do aktualnego modelu błony będącej mozaiką dynamicznych, heterogennych domen. Nierozpuszczalna w detergentach frakcja błon (DR...
Hereditary predisposition for the occurrence of hamartomatous polyposis
Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes constitute a heterogenic group of diseases inherited in an autosomally dominant manner in which, among others, juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Cowden disease and her...
Rola komórek mięśniowych w patogenezie zmian miażdżycowych
Komórki mięśniowe (ang. smooth muscle cells, SMCs) są główną komponentą blaszek miażdżycowych (ang. atherosclerotic plaque). W warunkach fizjologicznych komórki mięśniowe są wyspecjalizowane do pełnienia swojej podstawow...