Evaluation of antimalarial activity of a traditionally used medicinal plant in Ethiopia against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss Albino Mice
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2019, Vol 14, Issue 1
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the antimalarial activities of root extracts of Carissa spinarum Linn. The plant materials were collected from its natural habitat and extracted using 80% methanol and non-polar solvents. A rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium berghei, which was maintained at the Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology laboratory, was inoculated into Swiss albino mice. The mice were infected with 1x107 parasites intraperitoneally. The extracts were administered by standard intra gastric tube daily for four days starting from the day of parasite inoculation. The control groups were given the same amount of solvent (vehicle) used to suspend each dose of the extract. Chloroquine was used as a standard drug and was administered through the same route. Data obtained from the experiment was analyzed using one way ANOVA. The results indicated that the root plant extracts exhibited significant antimalarial activities. The hydro-alcoholic and chloroform extracts of C. spinarum significantly (P<0.05) inhibited parasitaemia in a dose dependent manner but only the higher doses of the hydro-alcoholic extract prevented Packed cell volume (PCV) fall due to parasite infection (P<0.05). In addition, the higher doses increased the survival time of the infected mice and prevented body weight loss. The highest suppression was shown in hydro-alcoholic extracts with 62.88% parasite suppression at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. In addition, the plant extracts treated mice did not exhibit any signs of acute toxicity up to dose of 2000 mg/kg. Therefore, the result reveals the potential use of this medicinal plant in the folk medicine of Ethiopia as antimalarial.
Authors and Affiliations
Sibhatu Gebrehiwot, Mirutse Giday, Berhanu Erko, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen
Keywords
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- EP ID EP444247
- DOI 10.9790/3008-1401017076.
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