Evaluation of association between psychological stress level during menopausal transition period and serum estrogen level among middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study
Journal Title: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 10
Abstract
Background: Menopause is a gradual transition from reproductive to non-reproductive phase in women during which there is substantial fluctuation in estrogen or estrogen deficiency. Furthermore, women encounter various psychological, physical symptoms during this transition period. Timely diagnosis can result in appropriate interventions to reduce these symptoms and result in uneventful transition period. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the association between psychological symptoms during menopausal transition period and serum estrogen levels. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five women volunteers in the age group of 45-60 years (perimenopausal (PM) with symptoms, PM without symptoms, PM women - 25 in each group) were evaluated for symptoms of menopausal transition using Women Health Questionnaire. Serum estrogen level was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: The study showed that there was a significant difference in psychological stress levels quantified as stress scores among three groups, with symptomatic PM women having much higher stress levels compared to other groups. Correlation statistics showed that there was a significant correlation between serum estrogen levels and psychological stress level. There was a significant correlation between anxiety depression mood disturbances, vasomotor symptoms, and symptoms of well-being with serum estrogen level. Conclusions: The symptoms of menopausal transition are attributed to reduction in estrogen level. These symptoms lead to substantial psychological stress among women during PM transition period.
Authors and Affiliations
Ashwini Kishan, Shailaja S Moodithaya, Amrit M Mirajkar
Effect of abdominal obesity on migraine features in Indian population
Background: Migraine is a common headache disorder affecting large population globally. Some studies found an association between abdominal obesity (AO) and characteristics of migraine headache, whereas others found no s...
Lithium ascorbate as a protector of human blood biomolecules under ethanol impact
Background: Alcoholism is an acute social problem worldwide for negative impact on health. This problem is closely associated with social stress and drinking traditions. Previously, it was established exhaustion of blood...
Patient-based integrated teaching program with the inclusion of psychomotor and affective domains
Background: Integrated teaching program (ITP) is a solution to the compartmentalized teaching of fragmented and passive learning. However, ITP is conducted mainly in the form of lectures, whereas in our study, we have in...
Effects of overnight sleep deprivation on autonomic function and perceived stress in young health professionals and their reversal through yogic relaxation (Shavasana)
Background: Extensive research has been done to demystify the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive functions, memory, and reasoning ability. However, there is a lacuna in regard to the effects on autonomic function...
Depression, anxiety, and stress levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Background: Diabetes is a lifestyle disorder where there is an increase in the blood glucose levels which can be observed. Being diabetic is stressful and being stressful worsens diabetes. Hence, management of stress is...