Evaluation of Chronic Haematological and Neurological Effects of Organophosphates Pesticides Exposure in Children of Rural Population
Journal Title: Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 5
Abstract
Abstract:This is an award-winning study of its kind first time conducted in the rural areas of Indore Madhya Pradesh with the aim of evaluating the subclinical morbidity and mortality pattern of the chronic hematological and neurological effect of organophosphate pesticide exposure in children of farmers. Poison is any substance which if introduced into the living body could cause ill health or death. Among children, the commonest culprits include kerosene, pesticides, household chemicals, drugs. In rural areas of developing countries, children of agricultural workers have high probabilities for exposure to OP pesticides. This puts them at an increased risk of damage.A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in 64 children aged 7-14 years in adjoining villages of khudel, Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Various neurological symptoms like muscarinic (diarrhea, urinary incontinence,lacrimation, excessive salivation), nicotinic (tremors, muscle weakness, tachycardia) and general symptoms (a headache, insomnia,numbness in legs, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, lethargy) were assessed by doing a clinical examination. Exposure index (EI) was calculated by multiplying the number of hours exposed to OP pesticides and the number ofyears of exposure. Various CBC parameters, metabolic panel (liver function test, kidney function test, FPG, vitamin B 12, electrolyte level) were calculated. The statistical evaluation was done using SPSS version 24.0 analysis of variance (ANOVA).The predominant clinical symptoms found in children in the study group were watering eyes (21.87%) burning sensation in the eyes (18.75%), nausea & vomiting (12.50%) a headache (6.25%). The nicotinic clinical manifestations were sweating (37.50%), tachycardia (25%), mydriasis (18.75%) with significant p-value for sweating (0.03) & tachycardia (0.02). The muscarinic clinical manifestations reported were lacrimation (31.25%), diarrhea (25%), and urinary incontinence (15.62%), and salivation (12.50%), significant p-value for diarrhoea (0.03). CBC analysis showed 58% of participants had at least one haematological abnormal indicator. Blood chemistry tests indicated an abnormal renal function in 4% of subjects, and aberrant hepatic function (9%), deranged electrolyte levels (11.2%), abnormal vitamin B-12 levels (8%), and abnormal fasting plasma glucose levels (13%) in subjects.Our study findings suggest that the high prevalence of neurological and haematological symptoms reported in exposed children could be attributed to chronic effects of OP pesticides on the CNS and Hematopoietic system. Keywords: Haematological, Neurological, Organophosphates, Children.
Authors and Affiliations
Swati Raipurkar, Sonal Vyas, Seema Sutay
Keywords
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