Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Cause in Cases of Unexplained Anemia in Adults - A Study from Tertiary Care Center
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Anemia is the most common illness, the human being is suffering even on today. About 50% of Indian population suffer from this disease. Evaluation of anemia is the most important step in the management. Blood loss from gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the common causes of anemia in adults, but its evaluation is expensive and multistep procedures. On the contrary, if there is delay in evaluation, it may be too late to offer the optimal therapy. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the profile of GI disorders in unexplained anemia in adult patients and need of its evaluation. Materials and Methods: A total of 146 patients with the unexplained anemia attaining Clinical Haematology Department of SCB Medical College, Cuttack, from January 2014 to January 2017 were taken in the study. A detailed GI evaluation was done in all cases. All the analyses were done in SPSS 17 software. Results: A total of 46 cases responded to treatment after addressing to known primary etiology. A total of 100 cases did not respond to treatment and underwent further evaluation in the present study. The mean age was 50 years (range 15-72 years). Male-to-female ratio was 1.086. The mean duration of the illness was 8 months, and the mean hemoglobin was 7.2 g/dl (range 4.5-9 g/dl). Among 100 patients not responding to treatment, GI causes for anemia found in 50 (50%) patients, 10 (10%) patients had a disease outside GI tract, and in 40 (40%) patients no cause for anemia established. GI malignancy was the most common finding (26%) followed by chronic duodenal ulcer and ileocecal tuberculosis. Conclusions: GI disorders are the leading cause of unexplained anemia in adults (50%). Malignancy was identifying as the most common cause with colon and stomach being the frequent sites of involvement, followed by benign etiology with chronic duodenal ulcer and ileocecal tuberculosis. We strongly recommend a thorough GI evaluation in this subset of unexplained anemia of adult patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Chitta Ranjan Panda, Kali Prasanna Swain, Sambit Kumar Behera, Rabindra Kumar Jena, Tapan Kumar Sahoo
Keywords
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