Evaluation of prevalence of pathology in upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and esophageal varices
Journal Title: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis - Year 2014, Vol 68, Issue 1
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Esophageal varices are formed as a result of increased blood pressure in the portal vein. They usually develop as a result of liver cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis may be accompanied by other endoscopic changes in the mucous mem-branes of the upper gastrointestinal tract e.g. portal gastropathy, gastric varices, as well as gastritis. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the paper is to evaluate the prevalence of other pathologies in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with esophageal varices and to assess the endoscopic features which indicate the risk of variceal bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS An analysis of 300 records of patients with endoscopic esophageal varices was conducted . Endoscopy was per-formed in the years 2006–2012 in the Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz. OMED classification was used to evaluate the severity of esophageal varices. RESULTS In this research during endoscopy, esophageal varices in OMED stage I were found in 25.4% of cases, in stage II 39.3% of cases, stage III 27% of cases, and in OMED stage IV in 8.3% of cases. The mean age was 58 years (±12.6 SD), 43% of the study group were women. The most common upper GI pathology was gastritis (36.3%). Furthermore, portal gastropathy was found in 34% of cases, gastric varices in 14.3% of cases and gastric polips in 7.7% of cases. Gastric varices occurred more frequently in patients with esophageal varices in OMED stage IV (40%), than in the other groups (12%). In this group, gastric polyps were also more frequently observed than in the others (7.3%). The incidence of red spots on the mucosa of the esophagus was increased due to the severi-ty of esophageal varices. Red spots are known to be a risk marker of bleeding. Furthermore, esophageal mucosal ulceration was observed in 4.3% of cases and oesophagitis in 1.3% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The analysis found that in patients with esophageal varices, other changes in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were often accompanied. The most commonly reported pathologies were gastritis and portal gastropathy. The incidence of gastric fundus varices, gastric polyps or endoscopic signs of bleeding risk, was increased due to the severity of esophageal varices.
Authors and Affiliations
Marek Kowalski, Aleksandra Cok, Danuta Domżał-Magrowska, Anita Gąsiorowska
Keywords
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