Exposure assessment of fluoride in drinking water in Qingpu Districtï¼ Shanghai from 2016 to 2021
Journal Title: Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine - Year 2022, Vol 34, Issue 12
Abstract
ObjectiveThe monitoring of fluoride in drinking water in Qingpu District was conducted to evaluate the external exposure of residents through drinking waterï¼ and to provide data support for the continuous improvement of drinking water quality in the area and the health level of residents.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2021ï¼ the pipe network water was collected from 42 monitoring points in Qingpu Districtï¼ every monthï¼ and the fluoride concentration in the pipe network water was detected by ion chromatography.ResultsThe fluctuation range of fluoride concentration in drinking water in Qingpu District from 2016 to 2021 was between 0.10 and 0.96 mg·L-1. The fluoride in drinking water did not exceed the standardï¼ which was lower than the lower limit of the WHO recommended range. The median fluoride concentration in drinking water in the Qingcaosha water source area was 0.20 mg·L-1ï¼ and the median fluoride concentration in drinking water in the Dianshan lake water source area was 0.44 mg·L-1ï¼ and the difference between the two was statistically significant ï¼Z=20.260ï¼ P<0.001ï¼. The fluoride concentration in drinking water had a decreasing trend year by yearï¼ especially in the water supply area of Dianshan lake water system. The fluoride concentration in drinking water in Qingcaosha water source water supply area decreased relatively gentlyï¼ from 0.25 mg·L-1 in 2017 to 0.20 mg·L-1 gradually. According to the "Chinese Residents' Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake 2013 Edition"ï¼ the requirement of 1.5 mg·d-1 of suitable fluoride intake ï¼AIï¼ for adults. About 50% of the residents in the water supply area of Dianshan lake would consume less than 0.75 mg·d-1ï¼ fluoride through drinking waterï¼ which was lower than 1/2 of the AI value. The fluoride content in the water supply area of Qingcaosha water source was relatively lowï¼ and 75% of the residents ingested fluoride through drinking water was lower than 0.37 mg·d-1ï¼ which was lower than the 1/4 of the AI value.ConclusionThe concentration of fluoride in drinking water in Qingpu District is lower than the sanitary standard of drinking water in Chinaï¼and the risk of excessive fluoride exposure is very low. Howeverï¼ the fluoride concentration in drinking water has a decreasing trend year by yearï¼ and intervention measures should be used rationally to reduce the health risks caused by insufficient fluoride intake.
Authors and Affiliations
YAO Xinmin,GONG Meiping,ZHANG Hao,HU Jielan,YU Xi,
Keywords
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