Expressions of Growth Factors in Autologous Derived Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Poor Plasma; Implication for Tissue Reparation and Wound Healing
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 18, Issue 4
Abstract
Objectives: The growth factors (GFs) released from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is proposed to modulate vascular reactivity and the inflammatory process. other GFs implicated in the wound healing cascade includes Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor –beta (TGF-beta), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)fibroblast growth factor(FGF) and vascular endothelia growth factor (VEGF) and many others. This study attempts to quantitatively evaluate the level of expressions of these GFs derived from platelet-rich plasma from healthy volunteers and diabetic patients Method: Samples from 14 healthy donors and 6 diabetic patients were analyzed. Platelet counts from the diabetic patients’ whole blood and platelet rich plasma (PRP) were analyzed. GFs levels were measured from autologous derived PRP and Plateletpoor plasma (PPP) using ELISA and multiplex immunoassay (Luminex system). Results: Predictably we found a 6-fold increase in platelet counts from PRP in both groups compared to the whole blood. GF expression in diabetics did not correlate with the platelet count or with the PRP on the regression analysis (r (p) - >0.2 <= 0.9.). GFs expressions were similar in healthy donor and diabetic patient. GF level were significantly higher for PRP compared with the PPP in both groups ( P < 0.001) for PDGFAA, EGF, VEGF, TGF-beta and P-Sel (P-selectin) while there was a trend to lower levels for FGF-2 and IGF (P> 0.05) in both diabetic and healthy volunteer. Conclusion: Sequestration and concentration of Platelet rich plasma from whole blood with expression of varying growth factors that have been implicated in wound healing was possible with the use of bed side point of care. Furthermore, we demonstrated that activating Platelet poor plasma also released similar GFs as PRP but at lesser level of expression. We believe that this process may enhance delivery of GFs directly to wounds, thereby enhancing the normal physiological wound healing and tissue reparation processes.Growth factors (GFs) released from activated platelets initiate and modulate healing in both soft and hard tissues [1-5]. A recent therapeutic strategy to promote wound healing is through preparing autologous platelet concentrate (APC) suspended in plasma, known as platelet-rich plasma [6,7]. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) acts as a storage vehicles for GFs, of such are PDGF [AA,AB and BB], TGF-beta 1 & 2, FGF- acid and basic, EGF, IGF and VEG [1,2,8,9] These GFs have been identified as a central player in the wound healing cascade and are known to influence the process of tissue regeneration [1]. Several publications have demonstrated that PRP has a great potential in the field of degenerative medicine and tissue reparation process [3,10]. However, despite the popularity of the use PRP, this novel technique is still plagued with several flaws of which includes inconsistence in the method of preparations and non- reproducibility of the GF expression when attempts are made to quantify their level of expression.Some authors have alluded that the inconsistence and the difficulty encounter in ascertaining the quality of PRP preparation at a standardized pattern could be as a result of the followings; poor handling technique, the use of animal-derived thrombin for clotting, and fundamental individual idiosyncrasy [6]. To overcome these drawbacks, Anitua et al. developed plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) by modifying the procedure of PRP preparation [7], has simplified the preparation protocol and replaced the animalderived thrombin with calcium for clotting. In addition, the Pointof-care devices system has helped to standardize the process of PRP preparation and production, which makes it useable at the bedside.
Authors and Affiliations
Akingboye AA, Kyriakides C, Tucker AT
Keywords
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- EP ID EP622586
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.18.003191
- Views 169
- Downloads 0
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