EXTENDED CATEGORISATION OF GROUND LEVEL ENHANCEMENTS (GLEs) OF COSMIC RAYS DUE TO RELATIVISTIC SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLES
Journal Title: Aerospace Research in Bulgaria - Year 2016, Vol 28, Issue
Abstract
The ground level enhancements (GLEs) due to solar cosmic rays (SCRs) are significant for a number of planetary processes on the Earth. The solar particles are the key for understanding of solar-terrestrial relations and space weather. On the basis of ground based observations of SCRs from 28 February 1942 (when they were discovered) to the end of 2015, have been determined some characteristic periods of GLEs and observed during the solar cycles 17÷24. It is made quantifying of GLEs and the frequency of occurrence of GLEs in the different solar cycles is determined. This article presents also a categorization of the ground level enhancements (from the first GLE 01 on February 28, 1942 to the last GLE 72 on January 06, 2014) due to solar energetic particles reaching the Earth’s surface. We have detected new groups of collective GLEs, recurrent GLEs, recurrent-collective GLEs, collective-recurrent GLEs, etc. Physical, methodical, and applied aspects, related to the SCR and GLE events have been discussed as well, because they have an extreme impact on Earth. The obtained results have prognostic value and significance for the ionization and radiation conditions in the Earth environment and for the mechanisms of solar-terrestrial influences.
Authors and Affiliations
Petar Velinov
Keywords
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