Flowering rates of capitulum and florets of different cultivars of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Journal Title: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops - Year 2010, Vol 31, Issue 1
Abstract
Study on capitulum flowering rates during the years 1997–1999 were conducted on plots at the Experimental Station in Przybroda belonging to the Life Sciences University in Poznań. This study concerning the development rate and the number of florets per capitum was continued during years 1999–2001 at the Experimental Garden of the Botany Department of Life Sciences University in Poznań. The objects of investigations included Polish open pollinated cultivar (Wielkopolski) and two interline hybrids (F1) of common sunflower (Frankasol and Coril).Studies on flowering rate on plots and flowering rates of florets in individual flower heads showed that not all F1 hybrids are better adapted to the conditions of Polish climate or more uniform than open pollinated cultivars. The decisive effect on a lack of uniformity of the flowering phase for all cultivars was found for the spring drought, occurring at the turn of April and May, i.e. optimal sowing time. It resulted in delays in the emergence dates expected for sunflower, with few seeds germinating at that time, while specimens grown from these seedlings later exceeded others in their development. The number of developing tubular flowers was higher in warm and dry weather conditions. Rainy weather considerably extended the flowering process. Capitula of hybrids had on average diameters by 1–3 cm bigger than the open pollinated cultivar and thus they were characterized by a higher number of tubular flowers. Heritability of the number of both types of flowers in the capitulum was low, as they were modified first of all by weather conditions. In turn, the coefficient of variation, particularly the number of tubular flowers, displayed high values.
Authors and Affiliations
Magdalena Kluza-Wieloch, Czesław Muśnicki
Keywords
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