Hepatitis E: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges
Journal Title: Archives of Hepatitis Research - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
HEV infection may be symptomatic or asymptomatic that has affected about one-third of world population with a case fatality rate of 1-2%, including 20-30% of infected pregnant women [3-5]. Though inherently hepatotropic causing fulminant liver failure and cirrhosis, HEV has recently evolved with extra hepatic manifestations where biochemical/serological evidence of infection is often modest or absent [6-8]. HEV is a non-enveloped virus with a positive single-strand RNA genome (~7.2 kb) with three partially overlapped open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3) [9]. Of the several recognized genotypes, HEV1 and HEV2 are known to infect humans only while HEV3, HEV4 and HEV7 are infectious to humans and other mammalian species, such as swine, boar and dear [10]. On the other hand, genotypes HEV5 and HEV6 have been detected in animals only, and their transmission to humans are not established [10]. Further, while HEV1 is endemic in Asia and Middle East, HEV2 is prevalent in African and South American countries. Contrarily, HEV3 and HEV4 are less pathogenic, and are mainly confined to Eastern Asian countries, Eastern and Western Europe, and North America [2]. Notably, in the Western countries, autochthonous HEV3 infection is attributed to sporadic cases of acute hepatitis, potentially linked to pork consumption [2].
Authors and Affiliations
Parvez Mohammad K
Keywords
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- EP ID EP559375
- DOI 10.17352/ahr.000009
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